SynthesisEuropean child & adolescent psychiatry2025
Medication adherence and persistence in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a systematic review and qualitative update.
Synthesis in European child & adolescent psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- Treatment Preferences of Physicians of Pediatric Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in the United States and Canada: A Discrete Choice Experiment.Neurology and therapy · 2026Article
- Use of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Medication Among Danish Children and Adolescents From 2010 to 2023.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2026Article
- The development and validation of the questionnaire My Experience with ADHD Pharmacotherapy - Parent Report (ME WAPH-P).European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- Psychiatric and neurological predictors of early ADHD medication discontinuation across the lifespan: a multinational study.BMJ mental health · 2026Article
- Article
- Exploring adolescents' and parents' experiences of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment in ADHD: a qualitative study.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Multicenter randomized trial of a digital therapeutic game for executive function in children with ADHD.NPJ digital medicine · 2026Article
- Medication Adherence in Children and Adults Receiving Treatment for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in Sweden: A Nationwide Study.Journal of attention disorders · 2026Article
- Factors associated with stimulant persistence among children with ADHD: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Clinical Decision Support Systems and Artificial Intelligence in ADHD Assessment and Rehabilitation: Opportunities and Challenges for Technology-Assisted Care.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- [The microbiota-gut-brain axis in childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: mechanisms and therapeutic advances].Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2025Review
- Global Trends in ADHD Medication Use: Multiple Contexts and Rising Concerns-A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- What are the long-term outcomes of ADHD treatment?World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2025Article
- Factors Associated With Medication Adherence Among Patients With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).Journal of attention disorders · 2025Observational
- Unveiling Social Media Content Related to ADHD Treatment: Machine Learning Study Using X's Posts over 15 Years.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Use of Antidepressants Decreased After Initiation of ADHD Treatment in Adults-A Finnish Nationwide Register Study Describing Use of ADHD and Non-ADHD Medication in People With and Without ADHD.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- A Narrative Review of Outcomes, Comorbidities, and Alternative Behavioral Interventions in Adolescent and Adult Women with ADHD.International journal of women's health · 2025Review
- The etiology of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity: A protocol for an umbrella review.PloS one · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Low medication-adherence and persistence may reduce the effectiveness of ADHD-medication. This preregistered systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42020218654) on medication-adherence and persistence in children and adolescents with ADHD focuses on clinically relevant questions and extends previous reviews by including additional studies. We included a total of n = 66 studies. There was a lack of consistency in the measurement of adherence/persistence between studies. Pooling the medication possession ratios (MPR) and using the most common adherence definition (MPR ≥ 80%) indicated that only 22.9% of participants had good adherence at 12-month follow-up. Treatment persistence on medication measured by treatment duration during a 12-month follow-up averaged 170 days (5.6 months). Our findings indicate that medication-adherence and persistence among youth with ADHD are generally poor and have not changed in recent years. Clinicians need to be aware that various factors may contribute to poor adherence/persistence and that long-acting stimulants and psychoeducational programs may help to improve adherence/persistence. However, the evidence to whether better adherence/persistence contributes to better long-term outcomes is limited and requires further research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.