ArticleCureus2024
Examining the Prevalence of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries on Artificial Turf Surfaces Compared to Natural Grass Surfaces in Athletes: A Scoping Review.
Article in Cureus, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Biomechanical Model of Non-Contact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Concerning Shin Angle and Field Surface Traction Parameters-With a Piezo2 Interpretation.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is commonly injured in sports such as American football and soccer. It is currently unknown if ACL injuries are more prevalent on natural grass or artificial turf fields. The purpose of this scoping review is to analyze research studies evaluating the effect of the playing surface on the prevalence of ACL injuries. We hypothesize that athletes face a greater risk of suffering ACL injuries while playing on artificial turf compared to natural grass. Our team conducted a comprehensive literature review by screening three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane) that comprised a wide range of peer-reviewed articles on ACL injuries suffered on natural grass and artificial turf surfaces. Inclusion criteria consisted of epidemiological and cohort studies published after 1990 that were written in English and focused on athletes ranging in skill level from youth to professional. Exclusion criteria consisted of biomechanical studies, review articles, and papers that focused on injuries of structures other than the ACL. Bias was assessed with the MINORS criteria. Results were presented by injury rates, calculated ratios, and confidence intervals. The final analysis included nine papers published in peer-reviewed journals. Three of nine papers found that ACL injuries are more likely to occur on artificial turf than on natural grass. Three papers found that there is no difference in the prevalence of ACL injuries between surfaces and one paper stated that ACL injuries are more likely on natural grass than artificial turf. Two papers did not report confidence intervals for ratios comparing injury rates between playing surfaces. There is no consensus in the current literature regarding the prevalence of ACL injuries on artificial turf versus natural grass surfaces. The primary limitation of this study was that the papers used a variety of methods to compare rates of ACL injuries on artificial and natural surfaces, making comparisons between the nine papers difficult.
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Registered trials
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