ArticleJournal of public economics2024
The Effects of Physician Vertical Integration on Referral Patterns, Patient Welfare, and Market Dynamics.
Article in Journal of public economics, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Rhode Island Affordability Standards and Hospital-Affiliated Clinicians' Professional Fees.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Insurance Coverage and Distribution of DXA Screening in Saudi Arabia: Evidence from Major Healthcare Settings.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Site-neutral payment for routine services could save commercial purchasers and patients billions.Health affairs scholar · 2025Article
- Transforming the Indian Private Sector for Universal Health Coverage.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Growth of Private Equity and Hospital Consolidation in Primary Care and Price Implications.JAMA health forum · 2025Article
- The impact of a deep vertical medical alliance on enhancing clinical capacity and reversing patient outflow at a Chinese county hospital: a 4-year case study.Frontiers in health services · 2025Article
- Medicare transitional care management services' association with readmissions and mortality.Health affairs scholar · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The growth of physician vertical integration raises concerns about distorted referral patterns, higher spending, and market foreclosure. Using 100% Medicare data, we combine reduced-form analysis with a discrete choice model to estimate the effects of physician vertical integration on patients' provider choices and welfare for two common "downstream" surgical procedures. Physician-hospital integration results in an approximately 10% increase in referrals to higher-priced facilities instead of lower-priced providers. Our counterfactual analysis implies that if all primary care physicians become integrated, total Medicare spending will increase by $315 million.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.