Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39099188›Full record

ArticleJournal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association2024

A qualitative exploration of barriers, facilitators and best practices for implementing environmental sustainability standards and reducing food waste in veterans affairs hospitals.

Bethany D Williams, Stephanie Jilcott Pitts, Stephen J Onufrak, Emma Sirois, Anne Utech, Michelle Wood, Jessi Silverman, Funke Ajenikoko, Meghan Murphy, Amy Lowry Warnock

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Environmental Performance Indicators Used in Healthcare Foodservices: A Scoping Review.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026
    Article
  2. Foodservice Models and Nutrition Practices in Spinal Facilities: Insights and Opportunities for Improvement From a Pilot Multinational Survey.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025
    Article
  3. How Sustainable Are Hospital Menus in the United Kingdom? Identifying Untapped Potential Based on a Novel Scoring System for Plant-Based Provisions.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Bethany D WilliamsDepartment of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Washington State University Health Sciences Spokane, Spokane, Washington, USA.
Stephanie Jilcott PittsDepartment of Public Health, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8838-638X
Stephen J OnufrakDivision of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
Emma SiroisHealthy Food in Health Care Program, Health Care Without Harm and Practice Greenhealth, Reston, Virginia, USA.
Anne UtechNutrition and Food Services, US Department of Veteran Affairs, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Michelle WoodDivision of Chronic Disease and Injury Prevention, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Jessi SilvermanCenter for Science in the Public Interest, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Funke AjenikokoAmerican Heart Association, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Meghan MurphyChronic Disease and Health Equity Unit, County of San Diego Health and Human Services Agency, San Diego, California, USA.
Amy Lowry WarnockDivision of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

Funding

UCSF Prevention Research CenterU48DP006374 · DP · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI REBCHOOK, GREGORY MICHAEL · 2018 to 2023
$7.5M
CDC HHSIntramural CDC HHS CC999999NCCDPHP CDC HHS U48 DP006374NCCDPHP CDC HHS U48 DP006864
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo improve the healthfulness of foods offered while accelerating the use of environmental sustainability practices, it is important to engage hospital food service operators in the adoption of such practices. The purpose of this study was to explore barriers, facilitators and best practices for implementing environmental sustainability standards in food service among veterans affairs (VA) hospitals in the United States.

methodsWe conducted an online survey with 14 VA hospital food service directors and then 11 qualitative interviews. The survey assessed motivations for initiating sustainability standards and included a self-rating of implementation for each of five standards: increasing plant-forward dishes, procuring and serving sustainable foods that meet organic/fair trade and other certifications, procuring and serving locally produced foods, reducing food waste and reducing energy consumption. Interviews were transcribed verbatim. Qualitative analysis, including coding of themes and subthemes, was conducted by two coders to determine barriers, facilitators and best practices for each of these five standards. Quantitative methods (counts and frequencies) were used to analyse the survey data.

resultsParticipants had an average of 5 years of experience implementing sustainability standards. The top three motivators cited were reducing food waste, serving healthier foods and increasing efficiency or cost savings. Barriers revolved around patient preferences, contractual difficulties and costs related to reducing waste. Facilitators included taste testing new recipes that include more sustainable food options and easy access to sustainable products from the prime vendor. Best practices included making familiar dishes plant-forward and plate waste studies to prevent overproduction.

conclusionsAlthough there were many barriers to implementation, food service directors had solutions for overcoming challenges and implementing food service sustainability standards, which can be tested in future sustainability initiatives.

Indexed as

Food Service, HospitalHospitals, VeteransQualitative ResearchConservation of Natural ResourcesFood Loss and WasteHumansSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited StatesFood Loss and Wastefood wastehealthy foodhospital food servicesustainability

Identifiers

PMID39099188
PMCPMC11586624

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.