Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39095399›Full record

ArticleNature communications2024

Wireless ear EEG to monitor drowsiness.

Ryan Kaveh, Carolyn Schwendeman, Leslie Pu, Ana C Arias, Rikky Muller

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. [Research on auditory neurofeedback technology and its multi-disciplinary applications].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2026
    Review
  9. Review
  10. Full-Stack Architectures for Intelligent Brain-Computer Interfaces.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Materials and System Design for Self-Decision Bioelectronic Systems.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Unperceivable Designs of Wearable Electronics.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2025
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ryan Kaveh *University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94708, USA. ryankaveh@berkeley.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-4146-7259
Carolyn Schwendeman *University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94708, USA. cschwendeman@berkeley.edu.
Leslie PuUniversity of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94708, USA.
Ana C AriasUniversity of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94708, USA.
Rikky MullerUniversity of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94708, USA. rikky@berkeley.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-3791-1847

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Neural wearables can enable life-saving drowsiness and health monitoring for pilots and drivers. While existing in-cabin sensors may provide alerts, wearables can enable monitoring across more environments. Current neural wearables are promising but most require wet-electrodes and bulky electronics. This work showcases in-ear, dry-electrode earpieces used to monitor drowsiness with compact hardware. The employed system integrates additive-manufacturing for dry, user-generic earpieces, existing wireless electronics, and offline classification algorithms. Thirty-five hours of electrophysiological data were recorded across nine subjects performing drowsiness-inducing tasks. Three classifier models were trained with user-specific, leave-one-trial-out, and leave-one-user-out splits. The support-vector-machine classifier achieved an accuracy of 93.2% while evaluating users it has seen before and 93.3% when evaluating a never-before-seen user. These results demonstrate wireless, dry, user-generic earpieces used to classify drowsiness with comparable accuracies to existing state-of-the-art, wet electrode in-ear and scalp systems. Further, this work illustrates the feasibility of population-trained classification in future electrophysiological applications.

Indexed as

ElectroencephalographyWearable Electronic DevicesWireless TechnologyAdultAlgorithmsEarElectrodesFemaleHumansMaleMonitoring, PhysiologicSleep StagesSupport Vector MachineYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID39095399
PMCPMC11297174

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.