ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2024
Lifecourse Growth and Development Determinants of Mammographic Density in Black Women.
Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundHigh mammographic density is one of the strongest breast cancer risk factors; however, determinants of high mammographic density are understudied in Black women. We assessed growth and development factors across the lifecourse in relation to mammographic density.
methodsWithin the Black Women's Health Study, we used Cumulus software to assess percent mammographic density from digital screening mammograms for 5,905 women ages 40 to 74 years. We fit linear regression models to quantify the association of lifecourse characteristics including birthweight, childhood somatotype, age at menarche, body mass index (BMI) at age 18 years, height, BMI at mammography, and adulthood waist-to-hip ratio with density overall and by age. We also performed a path analysis to assess the total and mediating effects of the growth and development factors on density.
resultsBMI at age 18 years, height, BMI at mammography, and waist-to-hip ratio were significantly and inversely associated with density. On path analysis, total effects of childhood somatotype (standardized β = -0.05, P < 0.001), BMI at age 18 years (standardized β = -0.13, P < 0.001), BMI at mammography (standardized β = -0.22, P < 0.001), and waist-to-hip ratio (standardized β = -0.04, P < 0.001) were associated with density.
conclusionsSeveral factors across the lifecourse-greater childhood somatotype, BMI at age 18 years, height, BMI at mammography, and waist-to-hip ratio-were associated with lower mammographic density in this cohort of Black women. IMPACT: Body size closer to the time of mammography may be more meaningful in determining mammographic density, though early-life adiposity also influences mammographic density. See related In the Spotlight, p. 1541.
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