Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39092644›Full record

ArticleInfectious disorders drug targets2025

A Comparison of Antibiotics' Resistance Patterns of

Shagun Sharma, Vandana Jhalora, Shubhita Mathur, Renu Bist

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Infectious disorders drug targets, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Shagun SharmaDepartment of Zoology, Centre of Advanced Studies, University of Rajasthan, 302004, Jaipur, India.
Vandana JhaloraDepartment of Zoology, Centre of Advanced Studies, University of Rajasthan, 302004, Jaipur, India.
Shubhita MathurDepartment of Zoology, Centre of Advanced Studies, University of Rajasthan, 302004, Jaipur, India.
Renu BistDepartment of Zoology, Centre of Advanced Studies, University of Rajasthan, 302004, Jaipur, India.ORCID 0000-0003-2993-7983

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundA biofilm refers to a community of microbial cells that adhere to surfaces that are surrounded by an extracellular polymeric substance. Bacteria employ various defence mechanisms, including biofilm formation, to enhance their survival and resistance against antibiotics.

objectiveThe current study aims to investigate the resistance patterns of

methodsE. coli and B. subtilis were used to compare resistance patterns in biofilms versus planktonic forms of bacteria. An antibiotic disc diffusion test was performed to check the resistance pattern of biofilm and planktonic bacteria against different antibiotics such as penicillin G, streptomycin, and ampicillin. Biofilm formation and its validation were done by using quantitative (microtiter plate assay) and qualitative analysis (Congo red agar media).

resultsA study of surface-association curves of

conclusionIt is safely inferred that E. coli and B. subtilis, in their biofilms, become increasingly resistant to penicillin G, ampicillin and streptomycin.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsBacillus subtilisBiofilmsDrug Resistance, BacterialEscherichia coliPlanktonAmpicillinBacterial AdhesionMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPenicillin GStreptomycinAmpicillinAnti-Bacterial AgentsPenicillin GStreptomycinampicillinantibioticsbacteriaBiofilmdisc diffusion.resistance

Identifiers

PMID39092644

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.