ArticleTobacco induced diseases2024
Impact of standardized tobacco packaging on smoking-related behaviors and perceptions in Singapore.
Article in Tobacco induced diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Effect of plain cigarette packaging on point-of-sale purchasing behavior among young adults who smoke.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2026Article
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4 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionSingapore phased in standardized tobacco packaging on 1 July 2020 following a three-month grace period. This pre-post study evaluated its impacts on smoking-related behaviors and perceptions among adults who currently smoke.
methodsBaseline and follow-up data were collected in a pre- and post-questionnaire from a cohort of 1873 Singaporean adults who were currently smoking at baseline. Baseline data were collected from December 2019 to May 2020, and follow-up data from July 2021 to September 2021. We used descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses to assess pre-post changes (Bhapkar's test, Wilcoxon signed rank test) and to identify characteristics of participants who had quit or cut down smoking at follow-up (Pearson's chi-squared, Fisher's exact test).
resultsAt follow-up, 11.7% (n=220) had quit smoking. There was a higher proportion of those smoking non-daily (pre: 13.1%, post: 16.9%; p<0.001), and those intending to quit within the next year (pre: 14.8%, post: 17.5%; p<0.05) or six months (pre: 10.4%, post: 13.2%; p<0.01). Tobacco products were scored more negatively in relation to packaging, quality, satisfaction, value for money and overall appeal (scores pre: 15.9, post: 14.3; p<0.001), harmfulness (scores pre: 0.61, post: 0.54; p<0.05), noticing others smoking the same brand (scores pre: 1.92, post: 1.65; p<0.001), and considering quitting due to health warnings (scores pre: 0.81, post: 0.86, p<0.05). Fewer reported that some cigarette brands have higher prestige (pre: 58.0, post: 54.3%; p<0.01), and more reported using flavored cigarettes (pre: 42.2%, post: 60.1%; p<0.001) and e-cigarettes (pre: 4.2%, post: 6.1%; p<0.01).
conclusionsIn Singapore, the changes observed before and after the implementation of standardized packaging suggest that it might be associated with quit-related outcomes, reduced tobacco product appeal, and increased effectiveness of graphic health warnings.
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