Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39090618›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2024

Epidemiological distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus genotypes and associated factors among patients with esophageal carcinoma at Bugando medical center in Mwanza, Tanzania.

Lilian M Ndemela, Oscar M Ottoman, Heaven D Chitemo, Caroline Anold Minja, Peter F Rambau, Benson R Kidenya

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In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
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  4. Article
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  6. Review
  7. Human papillomavirus infection and screening strategies.World journal of clinical oncology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Lilian M Ndemela *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences (CUHAS), Mwanza, Tanzania.
Oscar M Ottoman *Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy Department, Bugando Medical Centre (BMC), Mwanza, Tanzania.
Heaven D ChitemoDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences (CUHAS), Mwanza, Tanzania.
Caroline Anold MinjaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences (CUHAS), Mwanza, Tanzania.
Peter F RambauHistopathology and Morbid Anatomy Department, Bugando Medical Centre (BMC), Mwanza, Tanzania.
Benson R KidenyaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences (CUHAS), Mwanza, Tanzania. benkidenya@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEsophageal carcinoma is a growing concern in regions that have a high incidence of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection such as East Africa. HPV, particularly the high-risk genotypes, is increasingly recognized as a risk factor for esophageal carcinoma. We set out to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of high-risk HPV in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue blocks with esophageal carcinoma at Bugando Medical Center, a tertiary referral hospital in Mwanza, Tanzania, East Africa.

methodsA total of 118 esophageal carcinoma FFPE tissue blocks, collected from January 2021 to December 2022, were analyzed. Genomic DNA was extracted from these tissues, and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect HPV using degenerate primers for the L1 region and type-specific primers for detecting HPV16, HPV18, and other high-risk HPV genotypes. Data were collected using questionnaires and factors associated with high-risk HPV genotypes were analyzed using STATA version 15 software.

resultsOf the 118 patients' samples investigated, the mean age was 58.3 ± 13.4 years with a range of 29-88 years. The majority of the tissue blocks were from male patients 81/118 (68.7%), and most of them were from patients residing in Mwanza region 44/118 (37.3%). Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC) was the predominant histological type 107/118 (91.0%). Almost half of the tissue blocks 63/118 (53.3%) tested positive for high-risk HPV. Among these, HPV genotype 16 (HPV16) was the most common 41/63 (65.1%), followed by HPV genotype 18 (HPV18) 15/63 (23.8%), and the rest were other high-risk HPV genotypes detected by the degenerate primers 7/63 (11.1%). The factors associated with high-risk HPV genotypes were cigarette smoking (p-value < 0.001) and alcohol consumption (p-value < 0.001).

conclusionA substantial number of esophageal carcinomas from Bugando Medical Center in Tanzania tested positive for HPV, with HPV genotype 16 being the most prevalent. This study also revealed a significant association between HPV status and cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. These findings provide important insights into the role of high-risk HPV in esophageal carcinoma in this region.

Indexed as

Esophageal NeoplasmsGenotypeHuman Papillomavirus VirusesPapillomavirus InfectionsAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHuman papillomavirus 16HumansMaleMiddle AgedPapillomaviridaePrevalenceRisk FactorsTanzaniaEsophageal carcinomaHigh-risk HPV genotypesMolecular patterns

Identifiers

PMID39090618
PMCPMC11293061

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.