Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39090586›Full record

ArticleBMC immunology2024

KIR2DL1 gene is a surrogate marker of protection against infection-related hospitalization among HIV-1 unexposed versus exposed uninfected infants in Cameroon.

Luc-Aimé Kagoué Simeni, Gabriel Loni Ekali, Clauvis Kunkeng Yengo, Rodrigue Kamga Wouambo, Janett Fischer, Oumarou M'rikam A Bessong, Joseph Fokam, Louis-Marie Yindom, Jules Clément Assob Nguedia

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Article in BMC immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

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1citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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1 citing paper in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Luc-Aimé Kagoué SimeniDepartment of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buéa, Buéa, Cameroon. kagouesimeni@gmail.com.
Gabriel Loni Ekali *ICAP, Columbia University, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Clauvis Kunkeng Yengo *Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Rodrigue Kamga Wouambo *American Association of Microbiology (ASM), ASM Cameroon, Bangangté, Cameroon.
Janett Fischer *Division of Hepatology, Leipzig University Medical Centre, Leipzig, Germany.
Oumarou M'rikam A Bessong *SOA Health District, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Joseph Fokam *Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buéa, Buéa, Cameroon.
Louis-Marie Yindom *Nuffield Department of Medicine (NDM), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Jules Clément Assob Nguedia *Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHIV-exposed uninfected infants (HEU) appear more vulnerable to infections compared to their HIV-unexposed uninfected (HUU) peers, generally attributed to poor passive immunity acquired from the mother. This may be due to some genetic factors that could alter the immune system. We thus sought to determine the distribution of Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptors (KIRs) genes in HEU versus HUU and study their associations with the occurrence of infection-related hospitalization.

methodsA cohort study was conducted from May 2019 to April 2020 among HEU and HUU infants, including their follow-up at weeks 6, 12, 24, and 48, in reference pediatric centers in Yaoundé-Cameroon. The infant HIV status and infections were determined. A total of 15 KIR genes were investigated using the sequence-specific primer polymerase chain reaction (PCR-SSP) method. The KIR genes that were significantly associated with HIV-1 status (HEU and HUU) were analyzed for an association with infection-related hospitalizations. This was only possible if, and to the extent that, infection-related hospitalizations varied significantly according to status. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the association between KIR gene content variants and HIV status, while considering a number of potential confounding factors. Furthermore, the risk was quantified using relative risk, odds ratio, and a 95% confidence interval. The Fisher exact test was employed to compare the frequency of occurrences. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

resultsIn this cohort, a total of 66 infants participated, but only 19 acquired infections requiring hospitalizations (14.81%, 04/27 HUU and 38.46%, 15/39 HEU, p = 0.037). At week 48 (39 HEU and 27 HUU), the relative risk (RR) for infection-related hospitalizations was 2.42 (95% CI: 1.028-5.823) for HEU versus HUU with OR 3.59 (1.037-12.448). KIR2DL1 gene was significantly underrepresented in HEU versus HUU (OR = 0.183, 95%CI: 0.053-0.629; p = 0.003), and the absence of KIR2DL1 was significantly associated with infection-related hospitalization (p < 0.001; aOR = 0.063; 95%CI: 0.017-0.229).

conclusionCompared to HUU, the vulnerability of HEU is driven by KIR2DL1, indicating the protective role of this KIR against infection and hospitalizations.

Indexed as

HIV-1HIV InfectionsHospitalizationReceptors, KIR2DL1BiomarkersCameroonCohort StudiesFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenotypeHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMaleBiomarkersKIR2DL1 protein, humanReceptors, KIR2DL1HIV-1HIV-1 exposed uninfectedHIV-1 unexposed uninfectedInfection-related hospitalizationsKIR

Identifiers

PMID39090586
PMCPMC11293080

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.