Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39088772›Full record

Observational studyNeurology2024

Sex Differences in the Risk of Stroke Associated With Traditional and Non-Traditional Factors in a US Cohort of People With HIV Infection.

Felicia C Chow, Robin M Nance, Kyra Becker, Emily L Ho, Andrew Huffer, Rizwan Kalani, Christina M Marra, Joseph R Zunt, Laura Bamford, Greer A Burkholder and 12 more

Abstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Neurology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Impact of Depressive Symptom Severity on Stroke Risk in a US Cohort of People with HIV.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025
    Article
  5. Risk factors for cognitive decline in persons with HIV.Current opinion in infectious diseases · 2025
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Felicia C ChowFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9440-9349
Robin M NanceFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Kyra BeckerFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Emily L HoFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Andrew HufferFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Rizwan KalaniFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Christina M MarraFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Joseph R ZuntFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Laura BamfordFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Greer A BurkholderFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Edward CachayFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Joseph J EronFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Jeanne KerulyFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Mari M KitahataFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Sonia NapravnikFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Michael S SaagFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Amanda L WilligFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Richard D MooreFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
David L TirschwellFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Joseph A DelaneyFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
Heidi M CraneFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.
as the CFAR Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) Cohort StudyFrom the Departments of Neurology (F.C.C.) and Medicine (Infectious Diseases) (F.C.C.), University of California, San Francisco; Departments of Medicine (R.M.N., C.M.M., J.R.Z., M.M.K., H.M.C.), Neurology (K.B., E.L.H., A.H., R.K., C.M.M., J.R.Z., D.L.T.), and Global Health (J.R.Z.), University of Washington, Seattle; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (E.L.H.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington; Department of Epidemiology (J.R.Z., J.A.D.), University of Washington, Seattle; Department of Medicine (L.B., E.C.), University of California, San Diego; Department of Medicine (G.A.B., M.S.S., A.L.W.), University of Alabama, Birmingham; Department of Medicine (J.J.E., S.N.), University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Department of Medicine (J.K., R.D.M.), Johns Hopkins University; and University of Manitoba (J.A.D.), Winnipeg, Canada.

Funding

Links between Cardiovascular disease, Lung disease, and Obstructive sleep apnea in HIV: Understanding complex patientsR01HL126538 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI CRANE, HEIDI M., CROTHERS, KRISTINA ANNE · 2015 to 2025
$5.1M
HIV and Aging Research Consortium (HARC)R33AG067069 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI STEVEN N. AUSTAD, Heidi M. Crane · 2020 to 2026
$4.8M
Sex differences in the contribution of cerebrovascular injury and immune activation to neurocognitive impairment in HIV infectionR01NS126086 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Felicia C. Chow · 2022 to 2026
$3.2M
Understanding Health Inequities at the Intersection of the HIV and substance use epidemics across racial/ethnic and other underserved populationsR01DA058938 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Heidi M. Crane, Rob Fredericksen · 2023 to 2026
$2.8M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL126538NIA NIH HHS R33 AG067069NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA058938NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS126086
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesAlthough stroke risk associated with HIV may be greater for women than men, little is known about whether the impact of different factors on cerebrovascular risk varies by sex in people with HIV (PWH) and contributes to stroke risk disparities in this population. The primary objective of this study was to examine whether sex modifies the effect of demographics, cardiometabolic factors, health-related behaviors, and HIV-specific variables on stroke risk in PWH from the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems (CNICS) cohort.

methodsIn this observational cohort study, we analyzed data from clinical encounters for PWH followed at 5 CNICS sites from approximately 2005 to 2020. All potential stroke events were adjudicated by neurologists. Patient-reported outcomes collected at clinic visits, including substance use and depression, were also available. We used Cox proportional hazards models to determine whether sex modified the association of predictors of interest with incident stroke.

resultsAmong 13,573 PWH (19% female sex at birth, mean age 44 years, mean follow-up 5.6 years), female sex was associated with a higher risk of stroke only among individuals aged 50 years or younger (hazard ratio [HR] 2.01 at age 40 [1.25-3.21] vs HR 0.60 at age 60 [0.34-1.06]; DISCUSSION: Younger female participants with HIV were at elevated cerebrovascular risk compared with younger male participants. Several risk factors had a greater adverse effect on stroke risk in female participants than in male participants, including HIV viremia, methamphetamine use, and treated hypertension. These findings underscore the importance of a personalized approach to predict and prevent cerebrovascular risk among PWH.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsStrokeAdultCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsSex CharacteristicsSex FactorsUnited States

Identifiers

PMID39088772
PMCPMC11793864

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