Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39088390›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2024

Loss of primary cilia and dopaminergic neuroprotection in pathogenic LRRK2-driven and idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Shahzad S Khan, Ebsy Jaimon, Yu-En Lin, Jonas Nikoloff, Francesca Tonelli, Dario R Alessi, Suzanne R Pfeffer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Lasker~Bloomberg Public Service Award to Michael J. Fox: The challenge of Parkinson's disease.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
    Article
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  11. Review
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  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Taking Down the Primary Cilium: Pathways for Disassembly in Differentiating Cells.BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology · 2025
    Review
  17. Review
  18. Design principles of ciliary signaling.Journal of cell science · 2025
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Lysosomal glucocerebrosidase is needed for ciliary Hedgehog signaling: A convergent pathway contributing to Parkinson's disease.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Shahzad S Khan *Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5307.ORCID 0000-0003-3962-0226
Ebsy Jaimon *Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5307.ORCID 0000-0001-6845-2095
Yu-En LinDepartment of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5307.ORCID 0000-0002-5848-5405
Jonas NikoloffDepartment of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5307.ORCID 0000-0002-7823-454X
Francesca TonelliAligning Science Across Parkinson's Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815.ORCID 0000-0002-4600-6630
Dario R AlessiAligning Science Across Parkinson's Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815.ORCID 0000-0002-2140-9185
Suzanne R PfefferDepartment of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305-5307.ORCID 0000-0002-6462-984X

Funding

Research Education ComponentP30AG019610 · NIA · SUN HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI REIMAN, ERIC MICHAEL · 2001 to 2020
$32.5M
Research Education ComponentP30AG072980 · NIA · BANNER HEALTH · PI ALIREZA ATRI · 2021 to 2026
$24.9M
National Brain and Tissue Resource for Parkinson's Disease and Related DisordersU24NS072026 · NINDS · BANNER SUN HEALTH RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI BEACH, THOMAS G · 2011 to 2015
$7.8M
Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) 000463Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (MJFF) 009258NIA NIH HHS P30 AG019610NIA NIH HHS P30 AG072980NINDS NIH HHS U24 NS072026UKRI | Medical Research Council (MRC) MC_UU_00018/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Activating leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) mutations cause Parkinson's and phosphorylation of Rab10 by pathogenic LRRK2 blocks primary ciliogenesis in cultured cells. In the mouse brain, LRRK2 blockade of primary cilia is highly cell type specific: For example, cholinergic interneurons and astrocytes but not medium spiny neurons of the dorsal striatum lose primary cilia in LRRK2-pathway mutant mice. We show here that the cell type specificity of LRRK2-mediated cilia loss is also seen in human postmortem striatum from patients with LRRK2 pathway mutations and idiopathic Parkinson's. Single nucleus RNA sequencing shows that cilia loss in mouse cholinergic interneurons is accompanied by decreased glial-derived neurotrophic factor transcription, decreasing neuroprotection for dopamine neurons. Nevertheless, LRRK2 expression differences cannot explain the unique vulnerability of cholinergic neurons to LRRK2 kinase as much higher LRRK2 expression is seen in medium spiny neurons that have normal cilia. In parallel with decreased striatal dopaminergic neurite density, LRRK2 G2019S neurons show increased autism-linked CNTN5 adhesion protein expression; glial cells show significant loss of ferritin heavy chain. These data strongly suggest that loss of cilia in specific striatal cell types decreases neuroprotection for dopamine neurons in mice and human Parkinson's.

Indexed as

CiliaDopaminergic NeuronsLeucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2NeuroprotectionParkinson DiseaseAnimalsCorpus StriatumHumansMaleMiceMutationLeucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2LRRK2 protein, humanLrrk2 protein, mouseHedgehog signalingLRRK2 kinaseParkinson’s diseaseprimary ciliaRab GTPase

Identifiers

PMID39088390
PMCPMC11317616

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.