Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39088062›Full record

ArticleClinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society2026

Pre-hospital heparin is not associated with infarct vessel patency and mortality in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

Phillip Scholz, Tim Friede, Karl Heinrich Scholz, Ulrich Grabmaier, Thomas Meyer, Tim Seidler

Registry-linked trialAbstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00794001 (Feedback Intervention and Treatment Times in ST- Elevation Myocardial Infarction), which is not on this map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00794001 narecruitingnot on this map

Feedback Intervention and Treatment Times in ST- Elevation Myocardial Infarction (FITT-STEMI): A Multicenter Trial Analyzing the Effects of Systematic Data Feedback on Treatment Quality and Survival Rates.

TypeinterventionalSponsorKarl Heinrich ScholzRan2007 to 2026Enrolled50,000ConditionsMyocardial InfarctionArmsData analysis and Feedback
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Phillip ScholzDepartment of Cardiology, Heart Center, University Medical Center Göttingen, Goettingen, Germany.
Tim FriedeDepartment of Medical Statistics, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, and DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Göttingen, Goettingen, Germany.
Karl Heinrich ScholzDepartment of Cardiology, Heart Center, University Medical Center Göttingen, Goettingen, Germany. k.scholz@fitt-stemi.de.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7624-5042
Ulrich GrabmaierDepartment of Cardiology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, and DZHK, Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany.
Thomas Meyer *Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, and DZHK, Partner Site Göttingen, Goettingen, Germany.
Tim Seidler *Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, University Medical Center Göttingen, Goettingen, Germany.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPre-hospital heparin administration has been reported to improve prognosis in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). This beneficial effect may be limited to the subgroup of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients.

methodsTo assess the impact of pre-hospital heparin loading on TIMI (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction) flow grade and mortality in STEMI patients with OHCA, we analyzed data from 2,566 consecutive patients from two hospitals participating in the prospective Feedback Intervention and Treatment Times in ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (FITT-STEMI) trial.

resultsIn 394 participants with OHCA, 272 (69%) received heparin from the emergency medical service (EMS). Collapse witnessed by EMS (odds ratio (OR) = 3.53, 95%-confidence interval (CI) = 1.54-8.09; p = 0.003) and pre-hospital ECG recording (OR = 3.32, 95% CI = 1.06-10.35; p = 0.039) were identified as parameters significantly associated with pre-hospital heparin use. In univariate analysis, in-hospital mortality was lower in the group receiving heparin in the pre-hospital setting (26.8% vs. 42.6%, p = 0.002). However, in a regression model, pre-hospital heparin use was no longer a significant predictor of mortality (OR = 0.992; p = 0.981). Patency of the infarct artery prior to coronary revascularization, as measured by TIMI flow grade, was not associated with pre-hospital administration of heparin in OHCA patients (OR = 0.840; p = 0.724).

conclusionsIn STEMI patients with OHCA, pre-hospital use of heparin is neither associated with improved early patency of the infarct artery nor with a better prognosis. Our results do not support the assumption of a positive effect of heparin administration in the pre-hospital treatment phase in STEMI patients with OHCA.

trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00794001.

Indexed as

AnticoagulantsCoronary VesselsEmergency Medical ServicesHeparinOut-of-Hospital Cardiac ArrestST Elevation Myocardial InfarctionVascular PatencyAgedElectrocardiographyFemaleGermanyHospital MortalityHumansLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedAnticoagulantsHeparinHeparinOut-of-hospital cardiac arrestPatency of the infarct arteryST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Identifiers

PMID39088062
PMCPMC13562160

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.