Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39085255›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2024

A tumor targeted nano micelle carrying astragaloside IV for combination treatment of bladder cancer.

Chenfan Kong, Jianrong Sun, Xinzi Hu, Guangzhi Li, Song Wu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. The Role of Natural Compounds in Bladder Urothelial Carcinoma Treatment.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Review
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  9. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Chenfan Kong *Institute of Urology, The affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
Jianrong Sun *Department of Oncology, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, 518033, China.
Xinzi HuDepartment of Oncology, Shenzhen Baoan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518101, China.
Guangzhi LiInstitute of Urology, The affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518000, China. guangzhili@126.com.
Song WuDepartment of Urology, The Affiliated Shenzhen Hospital of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518009, China. wusong2024@126.com.

Funding

Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation 2021A1515110402National Natural Science Foundation of China 82102736Shenzhen engineering research center of multi-modal Fusion Medical Intelligent Diagnosis Technology XMHT20220104016Shenzhen Excellent Science and technology innovation personnel training project RCJ20200714114557005Shenzhen Science and Technology Program RCBS20210609103054027Shenzhen Science and Technology Program Basic Research Project JCYJ20220818100015031
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective agents for tumor immunotherapy. However, their clinical effectiveness is unsatisfactory due to off-target effects and a suppressive immune microenvironment. This study developed a nanodrug delivery system for bladder cancer (BCa) using PCL-MPEG and PCL-PEG-CHO to synthesize internal hydrophobic and external hydrophilic micelles (PP) that encapsulated water-insoluble astragaloside IV (PPA). The aldehyde group on the surface of PPA reacted with the amino group of aPD-L1, allowing the decoration of this antibody on the surface of the micelles. The resultingPPA@aPD-L1effectively piggybacked astragaloside IV and aPD-L1 antibody. These findings suggest that PPA@aPD-L1 is relatively stable in circulation and efficiently binds to BCa cells with the aid of aPD-L1. Additionally, this strategy prolongs the drug's retention time in tumors. Compared to PBS, PP, and PPA with PPA + aPD-L1 groups, PPA@aPD-L1significantly prolonged the survival of mice with BCa and reduced tumor volume. Mechanistic studies showed that PPA inhibited the NF-κB and STAT3 signaling pathways in tumor cells. Additionally, PPA@aPD-L1increased IFN-γ and decreased IL-10 expression in bladder tumors, affecting the number and type of intratumorally infiltrating T cells. Our study presents a simple and effective drug delivery system that combines herbal monomers with ICIs. It has demonstrated a potent ability to suppress tumor growth and holds potential for future applications.

Indexed as

MicellesSaponinsTriterpenesUrinary Bladder NeoplasmsAnimalsCell Line, TumorDrug Delivery SystemsFemaleHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsMiceNanoparticlesXenograft Model Antitumor Assaysastragaloside AImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsMicellesSaponinsTriterpenesaPD-L1Astragaloside IVBladder cancerCombination therapyImmunomodulatorNanomedicineTumor targeted micelles

Identifiers

PMID39085255
PMCPMC11291986

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.