ReviewAnnual review of microbiology2024
Nucleotide Immune Signaling in CBASS, Pycsar, Thoeris, and CRISPR Antiphage Defense.
Review in Annual review of microbiology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- From genomic signals to prediction tools: a critical feature analysis and rigorous benchmark for phage-host prediction.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Pooled it
- Anti-phage defense systems in bacteria: molecular mechanisms and their role in shaping phage therapy strategies.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Bacteriophage-bacteria coevolution: from molecular arms races to ecological and applied perspectives.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- STING agonist profiling by nucleotide library defines structural determinants of cyclic dinucleotide recognition.iScience · 2026Article
- Structural and functional insights into QueC-family protein in QatABCD anti-phage system.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Cyclic tri-adenylate controls a CARF-TM effector in type II Panoptes anti-phage systems.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Phage-encoded NARP3 system rebuilds NADScience advances · 2026Article
- Inhibition by ATP regulates the activity of a CBASS anti-phage nucleotide cyclase.The Biochemical journal · 2026Article
- Recent Advances in the Molecular Mechanisms of Bacterial Anti-Phage Defence Systems.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Article
- Review
- Genomic landscape of 340 virulent Acinetobacter bacteriophages reveals anti-CRISPR-enriched candidates for therapeutic prioritization.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Molecular basis of SAM-AMP synthesis and degradation in the type III-B CRISPR-Cas system.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- dITP-induced remodeling activates the filamentous effector complex in Kongming anti-phage defense.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Chemical inhibition of a CBASS anti-bacteriophage defense.iScience · 2026Article
- The biology of jumbo phages.Nature communications · 2026Review
- Structural genomics sheds light on protein functions and remote homologs across the insect tree of life.Cell research · 2026Article
- Phage RyR-domain proteins degrade ADPR-based immune signals and fuel NADbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Eukaryotic domestication of a bacterial immune protein following horizontal transfer.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Characterization of defensome genes and mobile genetic Elements in different types of pasture soil agroecosystems from the Brazilian Amazon.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026Article
- Discovery of Small-Molecule Inhibitors of the Pycsar Antiphage Defense.ACS chemical biology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Bacteria encode an arsenal of diverse systems that defend against phage infection. A common theme uniting many prevalent antiphage defense systems is the use of specialized nucleotide signals that function as second messengers to activate downstream effector proteins and inhibit viral propagation. In this article, we review the molecular mechanisms controlling nucleotide immune signaling in four major families of antiphage defense systems: CBASS, Pycsar, Thoeris, and type III CRISPR immunity. Analyses of the individual steps connecting phage detection, nucleotide signal synthesis, and downstream effector function reveal shared core principles of signaling and uncover system-specific strategies used to augment immune defense. We compare recently discovered mechanisms used by phages to evade nucleotide immune signaling and highlight convergent strategies that shape host-virus interactions. Finally, we explain how the evolutionary connection between bacterial antiphage defense and eukaryotic antiviral immunity defines fundamental rules that govern nucleotide-based immunity across all kingdoms of life.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.