ArticleThe Journal of frailty & aging2024
Characterizing Deficit Accumulation Among Gulf War Era Veterans.
Article in The Journal of frailty & aging, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01803854 (CSP # 585 - Pilot Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
CSP # 585 - Pilot Study: Gulf War Era Cohort and Biorepository
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Age- and sex-associated effects of C18 ceramide sphingolipids on osteoclastogenesis in experimental models of Gulf War Illness.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Patterns of Multimorbidity in Gulf War Era Veterans With and Without Gulf War Illness.Journal of aging and health · 2025Article
- Epigenetic study of the long-term effects of gulf War illness.Frontiers in genetics · 2025Article
- Longitudinal evaluation of structural brain alterations in two established mouse models of Gulf War Illness.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundVeterans of the first Gulf War (1990-1991) are reaching middle and older adulthood in differing degrees of health and biological age. Many Gulf War veterans report myriad negative symptoms classified as Gulf War illness (GWI), a chronic multi-symptom illness.
objectivesTo describe and analyze deficit accumulation, among veterans with Severe GWI (SGWI+) and those without Severe GWI (SGWI-), to assess the association between a medically unexplained illness and aging.
designThis study uses a retrospective cohort design with quasi-longitudinal data.
settingThe recruitment sample included 10,042 Gulf War era veterans across all four US Census regions.
participantsThe analytic sample included 1,054 participants of the GWECB for whom SGWI case status could be determined and who had valid responses for at least 90% of the deficits included in the deficit accumulation index. MEASUREMENTS: Chronic health conditions were retroactively reported, including year of diagnosis, enabling us to create a longitudinal measure of deficit accumulation. This deficit accumulation index (DAI) ranged from 0-1 for each respondent in each year between 1991-2013. We compare veterans with SGWI+ to those with SGWI- using the CDC case definition.
resultsMost veterans in our sample could expect to spend more years with moderate or substantial deficits than without deficits. SGWI+ was associated with spending more years with substantial deficits than those with SGWI-. Veterans in middle age (age 35-65) experienced more years with substantial deficits than younger veterans. Individuals with SGWI+ had 13 times the hazard of accumulating substantial deficits than those without.
conclusionsThis study demonstrated that veterans with SGWI+, even those in midlife, experienced aging as measured by accumulating deficits. Practitioners should consider patients with multi-symptom illnesses as at risk of accelerated aging, tailoring treatments to address patients' holistic needs.
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