Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39081645›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of heart failure2024

The Dual Burden of Frailty and Heart Failure.

Cristiana Vitale, Ilaria Spoletini, Giuseppe M C Rosano

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of heart failure, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Cristiana VitaleClinical Academic Group, St. George's University Hospital, London, United Kingdom.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1111-9894
Ilaria SpoletiniIRCCS San Raffaele, Rome, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8135-7479
Giuseppe M C RosanoDepartment of Human Sciences and Promotion of Quality of Life, Chair of Pharmacology, San Raffaele University of Rome, Rome, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4023-2263

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Frailty is highly prevalent among patients with heart failure (HF) and independently predicts adverse outcomes. However, optimal frailty definitions, assessments, and management in HF remain unclear. Frailty is common in HF, affecting up to 80% of patients depending on population characteristics. Even pre-frailty doubles mortality risk versus robust patients. Frailty worsens HF prognosis through systemic inflammation, neurohormonal changes, sarcopenia, and micronutrient deficiency. Simple screening tools like gait speed and grip strength predict outcomes but lack HF-specificity. Comprehensive geriatric assessment is ideal but not always feasible. Exercise, nutrition, poly-pharmacy management, and multidisciplinary care models can help stablize frailty components and improve patient-centred outcomes. Frailty frequently coexists with and exacerbates HF. Routine frailty screening should guide supportive interventions to optimize physical, cognitive, and psychosocial health. Further research on HF-specific frailty assessment tools and interventions is warranted to reduce this dual burden.

Indexed as

FrailtyHeart failurePrognosisRehabilitationTherapy

Identifiers

PMID39081645
PMCPMC11284334

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.