ReviewFrontiers in immunology2024
Trained immunity inducers in cancer immunotherapy.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Macrophage trained immunity requires a mitochondrial glutamine-restriction checkpoint for antitumor protection in mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Trained Immunity in Host Defense: Mechanisms, Pathogen Interactions, and Therapeutic Potential.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Amino Acids as Targets for Immunotherapy against Solid Tumors.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Review
- Monocyte/macrophage-mediated trained immunity in disease prevention and immunotherapy.Bioactive materials · 2026Review
- Innate Immunity Trained in the Protective Response of Vaccine Candidates Against Intracellular Pathogens.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Bacterial extracellular vesicles in colorectal cancer: mechanisms, biomarker potential, and therapeutic engineering.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Article
- Trained immunity and related memory responses in lung health and disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Trained immunity as a systemic bridge: the liver-gut-immune-oral axis in the comorbidity of chronic liver disease and periodontitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The TRIM-cancer paradox: BCG as a programmable vaccine platform and a mechanistic probe for rational immunotherapy design.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Dendritic cells: the central partner for cancer immunity.Oncoimmunology · 2025Review
- Review
- Epigenetic mechanisms of HIV and opioid-induced neuropathology: Potential therapies and interventions.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Innovative gene engineering and drug delivery systems for dendritic cells in cancer immunotherapy.Journal of biomedical science · 2025Review
- Dendritic Cell Immunotherapy for Solid Tumors: Advances in Translational Research and Clinical Application.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Aurora kinase A promotes trained immunity via regulation of endogenous S-adenosylmethionine metabolism.eLife · 2025Article
- Maladaptive trained immunity in viral infections.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2025Review
- Article
- Beyond Adaptive Immunity: Trained Innate Immune Responses as a Novel Frontier in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Therapy.Cancers · 2025Review
- Leveraging Immunological Properties of Nucleic Acid Nanoparticles to Improve Cancer Therapy.RNA nanomed · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
While most of the cancer immunotherapy strategies engage adaptive immunity, especially tumor-associated T cells, the small fraction of responding patients and types of cancers amenable, and the possibility of severe adverse effects limit its usage. More effective and general interventions are urgently needed. Recently, a de facto innate immune memory, termed 'trained immunity', has become a new research focal point, and promises to be a powerful tool for achieving long-term therapeutic benefits against cancers. Trained immunity-inducing agents such as BCG and fungal glucan have been shown to be able to avert the suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), enhance T cell responses, and eventually lead to tumor regression. Here, we review the current understating of trained immunity induction and highlight the critical roles of emergency granulopoiesis, interferon γ and tissue-specific induction. Preclinical and clinical studies that have exploited trained immunity inducers for cancer immunotherapy are summarized, and repurposed trained immunity inducers from other fields are proposed. We also outline the challenges and opportunities for trained immunity in future cancer immunotherapies. We envisage that more effective cancer vaccines will combine the induction of trained immunity with T cell therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.