Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39080719›Full record

ArticleBMC psychology2024

The Brief Symptom Inventory-9 (BSI-9): Development and validation in a German general population sample.

C MacDonald, K Brophy, A Coroiu, Elmar Braehler, A Körner

Abstract readValidation Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

C MacDonaldMcGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
K BrophyMcGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
A CoroiuNicotine Dependence Service, Center for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.
Elmar Braehler *Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, Medical Center of the University of Leipzig & Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Center of the University of Mainz, Leipzig, Germany. elmar.braehler@medizin.uni-leipzig.de.
A Körner *McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18) is a self-report questionnaire with three subscales, somatisation, anxiety, and depression, based on longer measures of distress. The present study proposes a shorter, nine-item version (BSI-9) of the BSI-18 as a brief screening tool for distress.

methodsConfirmatory factor analyses and reliability and validity analyses were carried out using a representative sample of the German general population. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrates a good model fit for the three-dimensional BSI-9.

resultsThe total scale was found to have strong internal consistency (α LIMITATIONS: The present study used a limited number of distress measures, and a more recent dataset would be useful to provide a more current picture of the general population's distress levels.

conclusionsThe BSI-9 provides a short, valid, and reliable screener for distress in the general population. Future work should examine its utility in clinical settings and different cultural contexts.

Indexed as

AnxietyDepressionPsychometricsAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overFactor Analysis, StatisticalFemaleGermanyHumansMaleMiddle AgedPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesPsychological DistressReproducibility of Results

Identifiers

PMID39080719
PMCPMC11290253

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.