Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39080553›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2024

Drivers of breast cancer and cervical cancer screening among women of reproductive age: insights from the Ghana Demographic and Health Survey.

Emmanuel Anongeba Anaba, Stanley Kofi Alor, Caroline Dinam Badzi, Charlotte Bongfen Mbuwir, Berienis Muki, Agani Afaya

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Emmanuel Anongeba AnabaDepartment of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Stanley Kofi AlorDepartment of Social and Behavioural Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana. skalor@st.ug.edu.gh.
Caroline Dinam BadziDepartment of Maternal and Child Health, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Charlotte Bongfen MbuwirDepartment of Public Health, University of Bamenda, Bamenda, Cameroon.
Berienis MukiNutrition Innovation Centre for Food and Health (NICHE), School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland.
Agani AfayaDepartment of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe two major causes of cancer-related deaths among women in Ghana are breast cancer (BC) and cervical cancer (CC). These types of cancers typically do not show any symptoms until they have progressed. Therefore, it is important to screen for early detection. This research aimed to investigate the rate of breast cancer and cervical cancer screening, as well as the factors associated with it, among women of reproductive age in Ghana.

methodsThis study analysed data from the 2022 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. A total of 15,014 women aged 15 to 49 years were included in the analysis. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression were employed to analyse the data with the aid of STATA/SE, version 17.

resultsIt was found that 18.4% and 5.0% of the women had screened for BC and CC, respectively. Women aged 45-49 years were about three times more likely (aOR = 2.83, 95% CI: 1.88-4.24) to screen for BC compared to those aged 15-19 years. Women who had tested for HIV had increased odds (aOR = 1.88, 95% CI: 1.56-2.25) of screening for BC compared to their counterparts. Women within the richest wealth index (aOR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.40-2.72) had increased odds of screening for BC compared to those in the poorest wealth index. Regarding CC screening, women with higher education (aOR = 2.56, 95% CI: 1.53-4.29) were two times more likely to screen for CC compared to those with no formal education. Women who did not use tobacco (aOR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.21-0.96) had decreased odds of CC screening compared to their counterparts.

conclusionsThis study showed that the uptake of BC and CC screening services among women in Ghana was very low. The drivers of BC and CC screening included enabling, predisposing, and need factors. Stakeholders can leverage the mass media to raise awareness and educate women in reproductive age about the importance of BC and CC screening. This study provides relevant information that can inform BC and CC policies and programmes in Ghana.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsEarly Detection of CancerHealth SurveysUterine Cervical NeoplasmsAdolescentAdultFemaleGhanaHumansMass ScreeningMiddle AgedSocioeconomic FactorsYoung AdultBreast cancerCervical cancerDriversExaminationGhanaScreeningWomen of reproductive age

Identifiers

PMID39080553
PMCPMC11290011

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.