ArticlePediatric research2025
Heart rate variability and cognitive functions in adolescents with complex congenital heart disease.
Article in Pediatric research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Default mode network and visual network responsiveness to transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation predict its variable efficacy in primary insomnia disorder.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Trial
- Metabolic features and postoperative outcomes in Turner syndrome with congenital heart disease.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Effects of Maternal Heartbeat Exposure on Neonatal Autonomic Regulation.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2026Article
- Skin-to-skin contact significantly impacts maternal anxiety, mother-infant bonding, and autonomic function in infants with congenital heart disease and their mothers.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Heart Rate Variability in Congenital Heart Disease and Controls Using Wearable Technology and a Health Application Programming Interface-A Cross-sectional Study.CJC pediatric and congenital heart disease · 2026Article
- Heart rate variability changes in adolescents following surgical correction of aortic coarctation: Persistent autonomic alterations.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- A Clinically Oriented Framework for Real-Time Heart Rate Variability Analysis: A Novel Approach To Personalized and Robust Monitoring.Journal of medical systems · 2026Article
- Vagally mediated heart rate variability modulates the association between the perceived workload and the Stroop effect on behavioral performance.Physiological reports · 2025Article
- A deep learning model for estimating sedation levels using heart rate variability and vital signs: a retrospective cross-sectional study at a center in South Korea.Acute and critical care · 2024Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundHeart Rate Variability (HRV) originates from the interplay between parasympathetic/sympathetic inputs to the heart, thus serving as an indicator of Autonomic Nervous System regulation. Prior research indicates that decreased HRV, marked by reduced autonomic balance, is related to poorer cognitive performance. While the population with congenital heart disease (CHD) show changes in HRV linked with the heart defect, the association between HRV and cognitive functions in CHD remains unexplored.
methods46 adolescents with CHD who went through infant open-heart surgery and 64 healthy controls (50.9% males, 12.8 ± 1.4 years) underwent neurodevelopmental testing and photoplethysmograph acquisition. Group differences and associations with cognitive functions were analysed with linear regression. P values were FDR-corrected.
resultsAdolescents with CHD showed lower HRV (quantified by high-frequency power) compared to controls (p < 0.001). Lower HRV was correlated with worse executive function (β = 0.24, p = 0.044) and lower IQ (β = 0.26, p = 0.010) in the whole sample and with lower IQ (β = 0.35, p = 0.014) in the CHD group. These associations were robust to confounders, including age, sex, and socioeconomic status.
conclusionOur findings demonstrate an association between HRV and cognitive functions in adolescents with complex CHD. Early detection of alterations in HRV/autonomic regulation may help to identify children with CHD at risk for cognitive impairments. IMPACT: Adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) showed lower heart rate variability (HRV), indicating an imbalanced autonomic nervous system. Lower HRV was associated with lower IQ and executive function (EF) in the whole sample. The association between HRV and IQ was significantly stronger in CHD than in healthy controls. This study provides the first evidence of a link between altered HRV and cognitive impairments in the CHD population. Neurodevelopmental impairments seen in adolescents with CHD could be linked to their altered cardiac autonomic nervous activity, marked by low HRV.
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