ArticleAndrology2025
Testicular ultrasonographic features predict future risk for bilateral testicular germ cell tumour: A long-term single centre follow-up study.
Article in Andrology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Testicular microlithiasis and male fertility: a dual perspective integrating imaging and physiological insights.Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E · 2025Pooled it
- Multiparametric Ultrasound for Characterisation of Testicular Lesions: Beyond Orchiectomy.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Detection of germ cell neoplasia in situ and testicular cancer risk in men with testicular microlithiasis: Real world results through 10 years.Andrology · 2026Article
- Testicular ultrasonographic features predict future risk for bilateral testicular germ cell tumour: A long-term single centre follow-up study.Andrology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundBilateral testicular germ cell tumours (B-GCT) are rare, with an incidence of 2-5%, and can be classified as synchronous (sB-GCT) or metachronous (mB-GCT). Our study aimed to identify clinical, biochemical, and radiological risk factors for mB-GCT in a cohort of patients with GCT at a single tertiary referral centre.
methodsThis retrospective case-control study included patients with GCT referred to Policlinico Umberto I-Sapienza University of Rome, from 2005 to 2023. We evaluated clinical history, testicular ultrasound features, hormone levels, semen analysis, histological characteristics, staging, and treatments. mB-GCTs were compared with unilateral GCT patients with a follow-up longer than the median time-to-onset of the second tumour.
resultsOf 319 patients, 52 experienced B-GCT, with a median time-to-onset of the second tumour of 62 months (range: 8-229). The mB-GCT group showed higher gonadotropin levels (FSH 13.6mUI/mL vs. 7.4mUI/mL, p < 0.001; LH 6.6mUI/mL vs. 3.9mUI/mL, p = 0.004), lower sperm concentration (27 × 10
conclusionsHistological features of the first tumour or its treatment do not influence the onset of a second tumour. However, low residual testis volume, inhomogeneous echotexture, and microlithiasis significantly increase this risk. A comprehensive evaluation of the residual testis at baseline is essential for developing a personalised surveillance programme in GCT survivors, with regular ultrasound follow-up recommended beyond the conventional 5-year limit.
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