ReviewReviews in cardiovascular medicine2023
Role of the Stress- and Inflammation-Induced Cytokine GDF-15 in Cardiovascular Diseases: From Basic Research to Clinical Relevance.
Review in Reviews in cardiovascular medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Circulating Level of Growth-Differentiation Factor 15 and Mortality of Patients With Acute Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis.Clinical cardiology · 2026Pooled it
- Plasma growth differentiation factor-15 is associated with cardiovascular events in patients hospitalized for acute exacerbation of COPD.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Beyond the pump: integrating the heart's endocrine function into early medical education.Medical education online · 2026Review
- Growth differentiation factor-15 and body roundness index in relation to cardiometabolic risk in young adults with obesity.Endocrine · 2026Article
- Serum growth differentiation factor 15 as a candidate biomarker associated with interstitial lung disease in primary Sjögren's syndrome: a clinical cross-sectional study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Hepatic responses as potential biomarkers of idiosyncratic drug reaction risk.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2026Article
- Proteomic Mediators Linking Autoimmune Diseases to Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events: Insights from the UK Biobank.Proteomes · 2026Article
- Multi-Omics and Machine Learning-Based Characterization of the Lactylation Microenvironment and Biomarker Identification in Crohn's Disease Intestinal Fibrosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Malignant cell-secreted chemokines drive colorectal cancer progression through endothelial cell activation.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Article
- Compartment-Specific Associations of GDF15 With Intraocular Cytokines in Patients With Idiopathic Epiretinal Membrane.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- FOXF2 regulates pericyte-endothelial signaling required for vascular homeostasis after neonatal hyperoxic lung injury.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular burden of long coronavirus disease: Clinical challenges and emerging biomarkers.World journal of cardiology · 2026Review
- Growth Differentiation Factor-15 as an Emerging Biomarker in Cardiology: Diagnostic and Prognostic Implications.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Rapid responses of catecholamines, natriuretic peptides and inflammatory markers to acute type B aortic dissection (NeuroendOcrine horMone release in acute type b Aortic Dissection [NOMAD] Study).JVS-vascular science · 2026Article
- Novel blood biomarkers for heart failure mortality: mechanistic pathways, aging biology, and risk stratification.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Impacts of systemic milieu on cerebrovascular and brain aging: insights from heterochronic parabiosis, blood exchange, and plasma transfer experiments.GeroScience · 2025Review
- New biomarkers of inflammation associated with haemodialysis.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- Global and tissue-specific transcriptomic dysregulation in human aging: Pathways and predictive biomarkers.GeroScience · 2025Article
- Cardioprotective effects of carvacrol in the isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction model.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Stress- and inflammation-induced growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is proposed as a biomarker for mortality and disease progression in patients with atherosclerosis and/or cardiovascular disease (CVD). The development of atherosclerotic lesions depends, among other factors, on inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, and impaired lipid homeostasis. As a consequence, activation and dysfunction of endothelial cells, release of chemokines, growth factors and lipid mediators occur. GDF-15 is suggested as an acute-phase modifier of transforming growth factor (TGF)-ßRII-dependent pro-inflammatory responses leading to rupture of atherosclerotic plaques, although the exact biological function is poorly understood to date. GDF-15 is upregulated in many disease processes, and its effects may be highly context-dependent. To date, it is unclear whether the upregulation of GDF-15 leads to disease progression or provides protection against disease. Concerning CVD, cardiomyocytes are already known to produce and release GDF-15 in response to angiotensin II stimulation, ischemia, and mechanical stretch. Cardiomyocytes, macrophages, vascular smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, and adipocytes also release GDF-15 in response to oxidative as well as metabolic stress or stimulation with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Given the critically discussed pathophysiological and cellular functions and the important clinical significance of GDF-15 as a biomarker in CVD, we have summarized here the basic research findings on different cell types. In the context of cellular stress and inflammation, we further elucidated the signaling pathway of GDF-15 in coronary artery disease (CAD), the most common CVD in developing and industrial nations.
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Registered trials
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