SynthesisFrontiers in oncology2024
Toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitor combinations in solid tumours: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in oncology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Tolerance and Efficacy of Targeted Therapies After Immunotherapy for Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancers Harboring Oncogenic Alterations: The GFPC-TOXIMAD Study.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Observational
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Related Pneumonitis in Renal Cell Carcinoma: Clinical Features, Mechanisms, and Lessons from Lung Cancer.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Axitinib-Pembrolizumab and Adverse Event Management in Patients With Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma.JAMA network open · 2026Observational
- TIGIT Blockade Potentiates the Anti-Leukemic Activity of Exercise-Mobilized Donor Lymphocytes and Expanded γδ T-Cells.Cancers · 2026Article
- Tyrosine kinase inhibitor toxicity in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer: A bibliometric analysis (2009-2025).Medicine · 2026Article
- Chinese botanical drugs for mitigating epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapy-associated cutaneous toxicity: immune mechanisms and translational pathways.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Osimertinib-Induced Hepatitis Following Immunotherapy in a Patient with Lung Adenocarcinoma Harboring De Novo EGFR Exon 19 Deletion and T790M Mutations: A Case Report.Reports (MDPI) · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Reprogramming the tumor microenvironment to overcome immunotherapy resistance in pancreatic cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can be associated with significant toxicity. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the toxicity of combination treatment of ICIs with TKIs (ICI + TKI) in clinical trials with solid organ malignancies. Our primary endpoint explored the incidence of grade 3 - 5 (G3-5) treatment-related toxicity and our secondary endpoints included the incidence of toxicity by treatment type, disease type and studies with run-in strategies. A total of 9750 abstracts were identified, of which 72 eligible studies were included. The most common disease types were non-small cell lung cancer (n=8, 11.1%), renal cell carcinoma (n=10, 13.8%) and hepatobiliary cancers (n=10, 13.8%). The overall incidence of G3-5 toxicity was 56% (95% CI = 50% - 61%). The most common TKIs combined with ICIs in this analysis were multi-targeted TKIs (n = 52, 72%), VEGF specific (n = 9, 12.5%), or oncogene-targeting TKIs ( Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022367416.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.