ArticleERJ open research2024
Modified blood cell GAP model as a prognostic biomarker in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
Article in ERJ open research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Immunosenescence in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The Gender, Age and Physiology (GAP) model is a simple mortality prediction tool in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis that uses demographic and physiological variables available at initial evaluation. White blood cell variables may have associations with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis outcomes. We evaluated whether incorporating blood cell counts in modified GAP (cGAP) models would improve outcome prediction in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Patients and methods: This retrospective analysis included pooled data from phase 3 randomised trials of pirfenidone in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (ASCEND, CAPACITY 004, CAPACITY 006). Study outcomes (disease progression, all-cause mortality, all-cause hospitalisation, respiratory-related hospitalisation) were evaluated during the initial 1-year period. Shared frailty models were used to evaluate associations between continuous and categorical baseline white and red blood cell parameters and study outcomes in a bivariate context, and to evaluate the impact of adding continuous monocyte count (cGAP1) or white and red blood cell parameters (cGAP2) to traditional GAP variables in a multivariable context based on C-statistics changes. Results: Data were pooled from 1247 patients (pirfenidone, n=623; placebo, n=624). Significant associations (bivariate analyses) were idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis progression with neutrophil and eosinophil counts; all-cause mortality with monocyte and neutrophil counts; all-cause hospitalisation with monocyte count, neutrophil count and haemoglobin level; and respiratory-related hospitalisation with monocyte count, neutrophil count and haemoglobin level. In multivariate analyses, C-statistics were highest for the cGAP2 model for each of the outcomes. Conclusion: Modified GAP models incorporating monocyte counts alone or plus other white and red blood cell variables may be useful to improve prediction of outcomes in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
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Registered trials
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