ArticleScientific reports2024
Effects of feeding patterns during the first 6 months on weight development of infants ages 0-12 months: a longitudinal study.
Article in Scientific reports, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Associations between maternal perceptions of infant growth and feeding and infant growth outcomes in community health clinics: a prospective multicentre longitudinal study.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2026Article
- Early postnatal growth predictors of catch-up growth in term small-for-gestational-age infants: a nationwide propensity-score-matched study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Impact of breastfeeding education with WhatsApp follow-up on infant feeding, growth, and health outcomes: a quasi-experimental study in Malaysia.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- A new proportional hazard model with applications to breastfeeding data.Scientific reports · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding patterns during the first 6 months on weight development of infants ages 0-12 months. Using monitoring data from the Maternal and Child Health Project conducted by the National Center for Women and Children's Health of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention from September 2015 to June 2019, we categorized feeding patterns during the first 6 months as exclusive breastfeeding, formula feeding, or mixed feeding. We calculated weight-for-age Z scores (WAZ) according to the World Health Organization's (WHO) 2006 Child Growth Standard using WHO Anthro version 3.2.2. A multilevel model was used to analyze the effect of feeding patterns during the first 6 months on the WAZ of infants ages 0-12 months in monitoring regions. Length of follow-up (age of infants) was assigned to level 1, and infants was assigned to level 2. Characteristics of infants, mothers, and families and region of the country were adjusted for in the model. The average weight of infants ages 0-12 months in our study (except the birth weights of boys who were formula fed or mixed fed) was greater than the WHO growth standard. After we adjusted for confounding factors, the multilevel model showed that the WAZ of exclusively breastfed and mixed-fed infants were statistically significantly higher than those of formula-fed infants (coefficients = 0.329 and 0.159, respectively; P < 0.05), and there was a negative interaction between feeding patterns and age (both coefficients = - 0.020; P < 0.05). Infants who were exclusively breastfed were heavier than formula-fed infants from birth until 12 months of age. Mixed-fed infants were heavier than formula-fed infants before 8 months, after which the latter overtook the former. Infants' weight development may be influenced by feeding patterns during the first 6 months. Exclusive breastfeeding during the first 6 months may be beneficial for weight development of infants in infancy.
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