ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2024
Foreclosure, memory decline, and dementia probability: A longitudinal cohort study.
Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Changes in financial well-being and memory function and decline in middle-aged and older adults.American journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Income Volatility During Early to Mid-adulthood and 10-year Memory Decline in a Longitudinal Synthetic Cohort.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Cognitive Aging in the Context of the Housing Crisis: Trends and Evidence From the Health and Retirement Study.Canadian studies in population · 2026Article
- Housing instability, health, and substance use among adults over age 50 living in New York City.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Foreclosure, memory decline, and dementia probability: A longitudinal cohort study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionHousing insecurity is rising among older adults; health researchers know little about how this may impact their cognitive health. We investigated links between foreclosure and older adults' memory and probability of dementia.
methodsUsing the Health and Retirement Study (2008 to 2018), we fit mixed models comparing the memory and dementia probability scores of 249 older adults who experienced foreclosure (treated) with 15,645 who did not. Baseline covariates included sociodemographics and health. Models were stratified by age group.
resultsForeclosure was associated with faster memory decline among middle-aged (50 to 64) older adults (-0.007 standard deviations/year, 95% confidence interval: -0.13, -0.001). Compared to average memory decline among middle-aged older adults who were stably housed, foreclosure equated to 3.7 additional years of aging over 10 years. Among those 65+, differences between those who were and were not foreclosed upon were short-lived and less clear, potentially driven by depletion-of-susceptibles bias. DISCUSSION: Foreclosure may endanger older adults' memory. HIGHLIGHTS: Housing instability is a key determinant of cognitive aging. We examined foreclosure and levels and changes in memory and dementia probability scores in the US older adult population. Foreclosure was associated with faster memory decline among middle-aged (50 to 64) older adults, equivalent to 3.7 additional years of cognitive aging over 10 years. Foreclosure yielded sharp memory declines and increases in dementia probability among older adults 65 and above. Foreclosure imposes a greater risk for older adults' cognitive decline.
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