ArticleACS omega2024
Efficient Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsion Using Novel Sugar-based Surfactant.
Article in ACS omega, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pore-Scale Wettability Alteration in Green Surfactant Flooding: A Lattice Boltzmann Study on Contact Angle Dynamics.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Synthesis, characterization and application of new nanodemulsifier in oil industries.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effect of the Free Radical Initiator on the Production of Castor Oil Maleate Oligomers.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Nonionic Demulsifier for Smart Demulsification of Crude Oil Emulsion at Room and Moderate Temperatures.ACS omega · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2026-02-20Duplication of Data · Duplication of/in Image · Manipulation of Data · Manipulation of Images · Unreliable Data · Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions · · See also: https://pubpeer.com/publications/9774678A98B7F796A2002D0879EF4F
- Retracted
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study aimed to synthesize ecofriendly and low-cost surfactant-based sugar, HA-ST, under mild conditions and a short route via an opening ring of hexadecylsuccinic anhydride (HA) using starch (ST). HA-ST's chemical structure, thermal behavior, and surface activity were evaluated using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and a pendant drop technique. The results indicated HA-ST formation, thermal stability, and surface activity. HA-ST's green character, low cost, and surface activity recommended its use as a demulsifier for crude oil emulsions at different affecting parameters such as temperature, seawater ratio (SR), demulsifier concentration, demulsification time (DT), and pH. HA-ST demulsification efficiency (DE) was evaluated and compared with a commercial demulsifier (CD). The results showed improved HA-ST's DE with rising temperature, SR, demulsifier concentration, DT, and pH. The DE of HAST reached 100% at 50% of SR and 250 ppm of demulsifier concentration; the same results were obtained using CD. In contrast, HA-ST gave relatively lower DE at low SR (10%) with a value of 70% than the obtained using CD with a value of 75%. The green character, low cost, and DE of HA-ST make it suitable for demulsifying crude oil emulsions, especially those containing more than 30% seawater, compared with CD, which commonly contains two or more traditional surfactants.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.