ReviewJournal of family medicine and primary care2024
Determination of sample size for various study designs in medical research: A practical primer.
Review in Journal of family medicine and primary care, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Health consumers' use of mHealth applications in Ghana: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Determinants of incomplete childhood vaccination among children aged 0-23 months in Ghana: a facility-based cross-sectional study.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Gynecological Mass Lesions Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging: An Observational Study.Cureus · 2026Article
- Heterogeneity of compassion fatigue and its relationship with resilience among nurses: a latent profile analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The effect of health literacy on quality of life in patients with heart failure: the mediating role of self-care confidence.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Clinical relevance of circulating endocan and endoglin in excess body weight-associated endothelial dysfunction.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
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- Evaluating Hyponatremia as a Predictor of Mortality in Heart Failure Patients in a Tertiary Healthcare Setting.Cureus · 2025Article
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- A Clinical Study on Mobility Outcomes After Surgical Fixation of Intertrochanteric and Shaft Femur Fractures.Cureus · 2025Article
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- An Exploration of Challenges in Routine Emergency Care With Delayed Presentations of Blunt Abdominal Trauma.Cureus · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Formulating a research question and selecting an appropriate study design for answering that question are crucial initial steps in the research process. The population, intervention, control group, and outcomes measures (PICO time and setting [TS]) framework provides a practical guide in this regard, which stands for population, intervention, control, outcome, type of research question, and study design. The various study designs have their own merits and demerits, and implementing the methodology meticulously requires knowledge of all of these. Similarly, different methods of sample size calculation are warranted based on the most appropriate study design and outcome variables of interest. Sometimes, a
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