ArticleAnesthesia and pain medicine2024
Emergence delirium: an overview with an emphasis on the use of electroencephalography in its management.
Article in Anesthesia and pain medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- End-of-Surgery Remimazolam Bolus Reduces Emergence Delirium in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy and Adenoidectomy: A Randomized, Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Explainable Machine Learning Analysis of Perioperative Factors Associated with Clinically Significant Emergence Agitation After Pediatric Ophthalmic Surgery.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- Can intraoperative electroencephalogram finally prevent emergence delirium in children?Translational pediatrics · 2026Article
- A nomogram for predicting emergence agitation after laparoscopic high ligation of the hernia sac in children.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Comparison of emergence agitation between tracheal tube and laryngeal mask airway in pediatric ophthalmic surgery: a propensity-score matching analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Effect of Controlled versus Spontaneous Ventilation on Postoperative Emergence Agitation in 2-4-Year-Old Children Undergoing Adenotonsillectomy: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2026Article
- Improving Postoperative Pediatric Recovery by Efficient Recovery Room Care-A Comprehensive Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Children are not little adults: a special issue on pediatric anesthesia.Anesthesia and pain medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
Emergence delirium remains a clinically significant issue, which often leads to distress among pediatric patients, parents, and staff in the short term; and may also result in postoperative maladaptive behaviors persisting for weeks to months. Although several diagnostic tools are available, the Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium Scale is most often utilized. Many risk factors contributing to the likelihood of a pediatric patient developing emergence delirium have been identified; however, its accurate prediction remains challenging. Recently, intraoperative electroencephalographic monitoring has been used to improve the prediction of emergence delirium. Similarly, it may also prevent emergence delirium if the anesthesiologist ensures that the at-risk patient rouses only after the onset of appropriate electroencephalogram patterns, thus indicating a change to natural sleep. Prediction of at-risk patients is crucial; preventing emergence delirium may begin early during patient preparation by using non-pharmacological methods (i.e., the ADVANCE program). Intraoperative electroencephalographic monitoring can predict emergence delirium. This review also discusses a range of pharmacological treatment options which may assist the anesthesiologist in preventing emergence delirium among at-risk patients.
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