Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39069614›Full record

ArticleBMC medicine2024

Unveiling the epigenetic impact of vegan vs. omnivorous diets on aging: insights from the Twins Nutrition Study (TwiNS).

Varun B Dwaraka, Lucia Aronica, Natalia Carreras-Gallo, Jennifer L Robinson, Tayler Hennings, Matthew M Carter, Michael J Corley, Aaron Lin, Logan Turner, Ryan Smith and 6 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract readTwin Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05297825 (Twins Nutrition Study), which is not on this map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT05297825 nacompletednot on this map

Twins Nutrition Study (TwiNS): Vegan vs. Omnivore

TypeinterventionalSponsorStanford UniversityRan2022 to 2022Enrolled44ConditionsLipid Metabolism, Glucose Intolerance, Weight Change, Body, MicrobiomeArmsVegan diet, Omnivore diet
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  13. Histone modification clocks for robust cross-species biological age prediction and elucidating senescence regulation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Varun B Dwaraka *TruDiagnostic, Inc, 881 Corporate Dr, Lexington, KY, 40503, USA. varun@trudiagnostic.com.
Lucia Aronica *Stanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 3180 Porter Dr, Palo Alto, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Natalia Carreras-GalloTruDiagnostic, Inc, 881 Corporate Dr, Lexington, KY, 40503, USA.
Jennifer L RobinsonStanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 3180 Porter Dr, Palo Alto, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
Tayler HenningsSeattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.
Matthew M CarterDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Michael J CorleyDepartment of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Aaron LinTruDiagnostic, Inc, 881 Corporate Dr, Lexington, KY, 40503, USA.
Logan TurnerTruDiagnostic, Inc, 881 Corporate Dr, Lexington, KY, 40503, USA.
Ryan SmithTruDiagnostic, Inc, 881 Corporate Dr, Lexington, KY, 40503, USA.
Tavis L MendezTruDiagnostic, Inc, 881 Corporate Dr, Lexington, KY, 40503, USA.
Hannah WentTruDiagnostic, Inc, 881 Corporate Dr, Lexington, KY, 40503, USA.
Emily R EbelDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Erica D SonnenburgDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Justin L SonnenburgDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Christopher D GardnerStanford Prevention Research Center, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Stanford University, 3180 Porter Dr, Palo Alto, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. cgardner@stanford.edu.

Funding

Impact of Diet on Intestinal Microbiota-Host DynamicsR01DK085025 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI JUSTIN L SONNENBURG · 2010 to 2026
$6.4M
Social epigenetics of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in Latin American countriesR01AG082056 · NIA · WEILL MEDICAL COLL OF CORNELL UNIV · PI Michael Jay Corley · 2024 to 2026
$3.6M
NIA NIH HHS R01 AG082056NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK085025
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGeroscience focuses on interventions to mitigate molecular changes associated with aging. Lifestyle modifications, medications, and social factors influence the aging process, yet the complex molecular mechanisms require an in-depth exploration of the epigenetic landscape. The specific epigenetic clock and predictor effects of a vegan diet, compared to an omnivorous diet, remain underexplored despite potential impacts on aging-related outcomes.

methodsThis study examined the impact of an entirely plant-based or healthy omnivorous diet over 8 weeks on blood DNA methylation in paired twins. Various measures of epigenetic age acceleration (PC GrimAge, PC PhenoAge, DunedinPACE) were assessed, along with system-specific effects (Inflammation, Heart, Hormone, Liver, and Metabolic). Methylation surrogates of clinical, metabolite, and protein markers were analyzed to observe diet-specific shifts.

resultsDistinct responses were observed, with the vegan cohort exhibiting significant decreases in overall epigenetic age acceleration, aligning with anti-aging effects of plant-based diets. Diet-specific shifts were noted in the analysis of methylation surrogates, demonstrating the influence of diet on complex trait prediction through DNA methylation markers. An epigenome-wide analysis revealed differentially methylated loci specific to each diet, providing insights into the affected pathways.

conclusionsThis study suggests that a short-term vegan diet is associated with epigenetic age benefits and reduced calorie intake. The use of epigenetic biomarker proxies (EBPs) highlights their potential for assessing dietary impacts and facilitating personalized nutrition strategies for healthy aging. Future research should explore the long-term effects of vegan diets on epigenetic health and overall well-being, considering the importance of proper nutrient supplementation.

trial registrationClinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT05297825.

Indexed as

AgingDiet, VeganDNA MethylationEpigenesis, GeneticAgedDietDiet, VegetarianFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedTwinsAgingDiet and NutritionEpigenetic clocksEpigenome-wide association studyOmnivoreVegan

Identifiers

PMID39069614
PMCPMC11285457

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.