Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39068612›Full record

ArticleJournal of gastroenterology2024

Alcohol-associated liver disease increases the risk of muscle loss and mortality in patients with cirrhosis.

Tatsunori Hanai, Kayoko Nishimura, Shinji Unome, Takao Miwa, Yuki Nakahata, Kenji Imai, Atsushi Suetsugu, Koji Takai, Masahito Shimizu

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of gastroenterology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. The dynamic spectrum of steatotic liver disease: the global perspective.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Tatsunori HanaiDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan. hanai.tatsunori.p8@f.gifu-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7797-9534
Kayoko NishimuraCenter for Nutrition Support and Infection Control, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan.
Shinji UnomeDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
Takao MiwaDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
Yuki NakahataDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
Kenji ImaiDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
Atsushi SuetsuguDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
Koji TakaiDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.
Masahito ShimizuDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan.

Funding

The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development 22fk0210113h0001The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development 23fk0210128s0401
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundRapid skeletal muscle loss adversely affects the clinical outcomes of liver cirrhosis. However, the relationships between the annual changes in skeletal muscle area (ΔSMA/year) and the etiology of cirrhosis, factors associated with muscle loss, and risk of mortality remains unclear.

methodsA total of 384 patients who underwent multiple computed tomography (CT) scans between March 2004 and June 2021 were enrolled in this study (median age, 67 years; 64% men; median model for end-stage liver disease score, 9). Body composition and ΔSMA/year were estimated using a 3D image analysis system and data from at least two distinct CT scans. Differences in ΔSMA/year among different etiologies of cirrhosis, factors associated with rapid muscle loss (defined as ΔSMA/year ≤  - 3.1%), and the association between ΔSMA/year and mortality were examined.

resultsPatients with alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) cirrhosis experienced more rapid muscle loss (ΔSMA/year, - 5.7%) than those with hepatitis B (ΔSMA/year, - 2.8%) and hepatitis C cirrhosis (ΔSMA/year, - 3.1%). ALD cirrhosis was independently associated with ΔSMA/year ≤  - 3.1% after adjusting for age, sex, and liver functional reserve. Over a median follow-up period of 3.8 years, ALD cirrhosis, ΔSMA/year ≤  - 3.1%, and low subcutaneous adipose tissue level were found to be significantly associated with reduced survival. ALD cirrhosis (hazard ratio [HR], 2.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12-5.28) and ΔSMA/year ≤  - 3.1% (HR, 3.68; 95% CI 2.46-5.52) were also predictive of mortality.

conclusionsThese results suggest that ALD cirrhosis increases the risk of rapid muscle loss and mortality in affected patients.

Indexed as

Liver CirrhosisMuscle, SkeletalTomography, X-Ray ComputedAgedBody CompositionFemaleHumansLiver Cirrhosis, AlcoholicMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSarcopeniaAlcohol-associated liver diseaseLiver cirrhosisMortalityMuscle loss rateSarcopenia

Identifiers

PMID39068612
PMCPMC11415521

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.