Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39066793›Full record

ArticleClinical oral investigations2024

The impact of inorganic fillers, organic content, and polymerization mode on the degree of conversion of monomers in resin-matrix cements for restorative dentistry: a scoping review.

Marcionilia Santos, Rita Fidalgo-Pereira, Orlanda Torres, Oscar Carvalho, Bruno Henriques, Mutlu Özcan, Júlio C M Souza

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical oral investigations, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  9. [Long-term prognosis and influencing factors of anterior composite resin restoration].Hua xi kou qiang yi xue za zhi = Huaxi kouqiang yixue zazhi = West China journal of stomatology · 2025
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Conversion and Tack-Curing of Light-Cured Veneer Luting Agents.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
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  15. Article
  16. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Marcionilia Santos *Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit (UNIPRO), University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra PRD, Portugal.
Rita Fidalgo-Pereira *Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Universidade Católica Portuguesa (UCP), 3504-505, Viseu, Portugal.
Orlanda TorresOral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit (UNIPRO), University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), CESPU, 4585-116, Gandra PRD, Portugal.
Oscar CarvalhoCenter for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal.
Bruno HenriquesCenter for MicroElectroMechanical Systems (CMEMS-UMINHO), University of Minho, Campus Azurém, 4800-058, Guimarães, Portugal.
Mutlu ÖzcanClinic for Masticatory Disorders and Dental Biomaterials, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
Júlio C M SouzaCenter for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Faculty of Dental Medicine (FMD), Universidade Católica Portuguesa (UCP), 3504-505, Viseu, Portugal. jsouza@dem.uminho.pt.ORCID 0000-0001-7999-4009

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeThe main aim of the present study was to carry out a scoping review on the differences in degree of conversion of monomers regarding several types resin cements, indirect restorative materials, and light-curing procedures used in dentistry.

methodA bibliographic review was performed on PubMed using the following search items: "degree of conversion" OR "filler" AND "resin cement" OR "inorganic cement" AND "organic" OR "radiopacity" OR "refractive" OR "transmittance" OR "type" AND "resin composite." The search involved articles published in English language within the last thirteen years. A research question has been formulated following the PICO approach as follow: "How different is the degree of conversion of monomers comparing several types of resin-matrix cements?".

resultsWithin the 15 selected studies, 8 studies reported a high degree of conversion (DC) of the organic matrix ranging from 70 up to 90% while 7 studies showed lower DC values. Dual-cured resin-matrix cements revealed the highest mean values of DC, flexural strength, and hardness when compared with light- and self-polymerized ones. DC mean values of resin-matrix cements light-cured through a ceramic veneer with 0.4 mm thickness were higher (~ 83%) than those recorded for resin-matrix cements light-cured through a thicker ceramic layer of 1.5 mm (~ 77%).

conclusionsThe highest percentage of degree of conversion of monomers was reported for dual-cured resin-matrix cements and therefore both chemical and light-induced pathways promoted an enhanced polymerization of the material. Similar degree of conversion of the same resin-matrix cement were recorded when the prosthetic structure showed a low thickness. On thick prosthetic structures, translucent materials are required to allow the light transmission achieving the resin-matrix cement. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The chemical composition of resin-matrix cements and the light-curing mode can affect the polymerization of the organic matrix. Thus, physical properties of the materials can vary leading to early clinical failures at restorative interfaces. Thus, the analysis of the polymerization pathways of resin-matrix cements is significantly beneficial for the clinical performance of the restorative interfaces.

Indexed as

PolymerizationResin CementsComposite ResinsDental Restoration, PermanentHumansLight-Curing of Dental AdhesivesMaterials TestingComposite ResinsResin CementsDegree of conversionPolymerizationResin cementsRestorative dentistry

Identifiers

PMID39066793
PMCPMC11283416

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.