ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2024
Obtaining Cellulose Fibers from Almond Shell by Combining Subcritical Water Extraction and Bleaching with Hydrogen Peroxide.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Integrated hydrothermal and microbial valorization of almond shells into xylooligosaccharides and cellobionic acid.Bioresources and bioprocessing · 2026Article
- Microwave-Assisted Subcritical Water Extraction Method for the Optimized Isolation of Cellulose From Residual Soybean Hulls.ChemSusChem · 2026Article
- Two-Step Cascade Process for Efficient Isolation of Cellulose from Sugarcane Trash.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Performance enhancement of wood composites using cellulose-reinforced cornstarch-tannin adhesives derived from electrical-assisted extraction.RSC advances · 2026Article
- Conventional and Novel Strategies for Cellulose Isolation from Nut Shells: A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Almond By-Products: A Comprehensive Review of Composition, Bioactivities, and Influencing Factors.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Influence of the Cellulose Purification Method on the Properties of PVA Composites with Almond Shell Fibres.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Fractionation of Winemaking Grape Stalks by Subcritical Water Extraction to Obtain Added-Value Products.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Almond shell (AS) represents about 33% of the almond fruit, being a cellulose-rich by-product. The use of greener methods for separating cellulose would contribute to better exploitation of this biomass. Subcritical water extraction (SWE) at 160 and 180 °C has been used as a previous treatment to purify cellulose of AS, followed by a bleaching step with hydrogen peroxide (8%) at pH 12. For comparison purposes, bleaching with sodium chlorite of the extraction residues was also studied. The highest extraction temperature promoted the removal of hemicellulose and the subsequent delignification during the bleaching step. After bleaching with hydrogen peroxide, the AS particles had a cellulose content of 71 and 78%, with crystallinity index of 50 and 62%, respectively, for those treated at 160 and 180 °C. The use of sodium chlorite as bleaching agent improved the cellulose purification and crystallinity index. Nevertheless, cellulose obtained by both bleaching treatments could be useful for different applications. Therefore, SWE represents a promising green technique to improve the bleaching sensitivity of lignocellulosic residues, such as AS, allowing for a great reduction in chemicals in the cellulose purification processes.
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