SynthesisMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)2024
The Role of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein as a Biomarker in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Crossroads of Neuroinflammation and Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review.Cells · 2026Pooled it
- Longitudinal Stability of the Gut Microbiota in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Prospective Observational Study.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Article
- Intrathecal immunoglobulin production in the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system.Journal of translational autoimmunity · 2026Review
- Correlation between peripheral and central inflammatory and neuronal injury markers in mild cognitive impairment patients: the role of blood-brain barrier status.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Exercise Training and Biomarkers of Neuroaxonal Injury in Multiple Sclerosis: Narrative Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Review
- Bridging Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis: Mechanisms and Emerging Therapies.Cureus · 2026Review
- Longitudinal high-frequency blood biomarkers of axonal injury and astrocytic activation after immune reconstitution in multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2025Article
- Exploring the Clinical Utility of Neurofilament Light Chain Assays in Multiple Sclerosis Management.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2025Review
- Fluid Biomarkers in Demyelinating Spectrum Disorders: Past, Present, and Prospects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The role of Neurofilament light (NfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in MS and AQP4-NMOSD: Advancing clinical applications.eNeurologicalSci · 2025Review
- Serum Lipid Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder: Towards Improved Clinical Management.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Advances in biomarkers for optic neuritis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: a multi-omics perspective.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is debate on the role of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as a reliable biomarker in multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and its potential to reflect disease progression. This review aimed to investigate the role of GFAP in MS and NMOSD. A systematic search of electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Sciences, was conducted up to 20 December 2023 to identify studies that measured GFAP levels in people with MS (PwMS) and people with NMOSD (PwNMOSD). R software version 4.3.3. with the random-effect model was used to pool the effect size with its 95% confidence interval (CI). Of 4109 studies, 49 studies met our inclusion criteria encompassing 3491 PwMS, 849 PwNMOSD, and 1046 healthy controls (HCs). The analyses indicated that the cerebrospinal fluid level of GFAP (cGFAP) and serum level of GFAP (sGFAP) were significantly higher in PwMS than HCs (SMD = 0.7, 95% CI: 0.54 to 0.86,
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.