Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39063774›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2024

Optimization of Quartz Sand-Enhanced Coagulation for Sewage Treatment by Response Surface Methodology.

Zhengan Zhang, Yepu Li, Yongzhi Liu, Yuying Li, Zonghua Wang, Dayang Wang, Lu Yan, Jiayin Zhao, Bailian Larry Li

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Zhengan ZhangHenan International Joint Laboratory of Watershed Ecological Security in the Water Source Area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, College of Water Resource and Modern Agriculture, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.

Yepu LiHenan International Joint Laboratory of Watershed Ecological Security in the Water Source Area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, College of Water Resource and Modern Agriculture, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.

Yongzhi LiuSchool of Environmental Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China.

Yuying LiHenan International Joint Laboratory of Watershed Ecological Security in the Water Source Area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, College of Water Resource and Modern Agriculture, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.

Zonghua WangHenan International Joint Laboratory of Watershed Ecological Security in the Water Source Area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, College of Water Resource and Modern Agriculture, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.

Dayang WangHenan International Joint Laboratory of Watershed Ecological Security in the Water Source Area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, College of Water Resource and Modern Agriculture, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.

Lu YanHenan International Joint Laboratory of Watershed Ecological Security in the Water Source Area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, College of Water Resource and Modern Agriculture, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.

Jiayin ZhaoCollege of Water Resource and Modern Agriculture, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.

Bailian Larry LiHenan International Joint Laboratory of Watershed Ecological Security in the Water Source Area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project, College of Water Resource and Modern Agriculture, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang 473061, China.ORCID 0000-0001-8770-4956

Funding

Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology Research Project 242102320091Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology Research Project 242102321071Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology Research Project 242300420354Henan Provincial Department of Science and Technology Research Project 242300420616Key Research and Development Projects of Henan Province 221111520600Major Science and Technology Projects of Henan Province 221100320200National Natural Science Foundation of China 52200052Overseas expertise introduction center for discipline innovation of watershed ecological security in the water source area of the Middle Route of South-to-North Water Diversion Project D23015PhD Special Project of Nanyang Normal University 2024ZX020PhD Special Project of Nanyang Normal University 2024ZX021

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The quartz sand-enhanced coagulation (QSEC) is an improved coagulation method for treating water, which uses quartz sand as a heavy medium to accelerate the sedimentation rate of flocs and reduce the sedimentation time. The factors that influence the QSEC effect and can be controlled manually include the quartz sand dosage, coagulant dosage, sewage pH, stirring time, settling time, etc., and their reasonable setting is critical to the result of water treatment. This paper aimed to study the optimal conditions of QSEC; first, single-factor tests were conducted to explore the optimal range of influencing factors, followed by response surface methodology (RSM) tests to accurately determine the optimum values of significant factors. The results show that the addition of quartz sand did not improve the water quality of the coagulation treatment, it took only 140 s for the floc to sink to the bottom, and the sediment volume only accounted for 12.2% of the total sewage. The quartz sand dosage, the coagulant dosage, and sewage pH all had a significant impact on the coagulation effect, and resulted in inflection points. A QSEC-guiding model was derived through RSM tests, and subsequent model optimization and experimental validation revealed the optimal conditions for treating domestic sewage as follows: the polyaluminum chloride (PAC) dosage, cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) dosage, the sewage pH, quartz sand dosage, stirring time, and settling time were 0.97 g/L, 2.25 mg/L, 7.22, 2 g/L, 5 min, and 30 min, respectively, and the turbidity of the treated sewage was reduced to 1.15 NTU.

Indexed as

coagulationpolyaluminum chloridequartz sandresponse surface methodologyturbidity

Identifiers

PMID39063774

DOI10.3390/ma17143482

PMCPMC11278384

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.