ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2024
In Vitro and In Vivo Human Metabolism of Ostarine, a Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator and Doping Agent.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Improvement of Bone Healing by Combined Treatment with Selective Androgen and Estrogen Receptor Modulators in Female and Male Rats.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Limitations of Molecular Docking in Predicting the Selectivity of Selective Androgen Receptor Modulators (SARMs): A Comparative Study of YK11 and Ostarine Across Five Nuclear Receptors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Adulteration of Sports Supplements with Anabolic Steroids-From Innocent Athlete to Vicious Cheater.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Annual Banned-Substance Review 17th Edition-Analytical Approaches in Human Sports Drug Testing 2023/2024.Drug testing and analysis · 2025Review
- Investigations Into the Urinary Metabolite Elimination Profile of the Selective Androgen Receptor Modulator S-23 in Studies Mimicking Contaminated Product Ingestion for Doping Control Purposes.Biomedical chromatography : BMC · 2025Article
- Bioanalytical methods in doping controls: a review.Bioanalysis · 2025Review
- Rapid detection of illegal selective androgen receptor modulators in unregistered supplements using a combination of selected solid-state analytical methods.ADMET & DMPK · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Ostarine (enobasarm) is a selective androgen receptor modulator with great therapeutic potential. However, it is also used by athletes to promote muscle growth and enhance performances without the typical adverse effects of anabolic steroids. Ostarine popularity increased in recent years, and it is currently the most abused "other anabolic agent" (subclass S1.2. of the "anabolic agents" class S1) from the World Anti-Doping Agency's (WADA) prohibited list. Several cases of liver toxicity were recently reported in regular users. Detecting ostarine or markers of intake in biological matrices is essential to document ostarine use in doping. Therefore, we sought to investigate ostarine metabolism to identify optimal markers of consumption. The substance was incubated with human hepatocytes, and urine samples from six ostarine-positive cases were screened. Analyses were performed via liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS) and software-assisted data mining, with in silico metabolite predictions. Ten metabolites were identified with hydroxylation, ether cleavage, dealkylation,
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.