Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39061991›Full record

ArticleBiomedicines2024

Insulin Resistance/Hyperinsulinemia as an Independent Risk Factor That Has Been Overlooked for Too Long.

Serafino Fazio, Flora Affuso, Arturo Cesaro, Loredana Tibullo, Valeria Fazio, Paolo Calabrò

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biomedicines, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Hallmarks of health: A Chinese medicine perspective.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Serafino FazioDepartment of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Federico II University, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80135 Naples, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2743-9836
Flora AffusoIndependent Researcher, Viale Raffaello 74, 80129 Naples, Italy.
Arturo CesaroDipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80100 Naples, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4435-1235
Loredana TibulloUOC Medicina Interna, Azienda Ospedaliera di Caserta, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
Valeria FazioUOC Medicina Interna, Azienda Ospedaliera di Caserta, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
Paolo CalabròDipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80100 Naples, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5018-830X

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Unfortunately, cardiovascular diseases and cancers are still the leading causes of death in developed and developing countries despite the considerable progress made in the prevention and treatment of diseases. Maybe we missed something? Insulin resistance (IR) with associated hyperinsulinemia (Hypein) is a silent pandemic whose prevalence is continually growing in developed and developing countries, now exceeding 51% of the general population. IR/Hypein, despite the vast scientific literature supporting its adverse action on the development of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular alterations, tumors, neurological disorders, and cellular senescence, is not yet considered an independent risk factor and, therefore, is not screened in the general population and adequately treated. There are now numerous substances, drugs, and natural substances that, in association with the correction of a wrong lifestyle, can help to reduce IR/Hypein. We are convinced that the time has come to implement a prevention plan against this critical risk factor. Therefore, this manuscript aims to highlight IR/Hypein as an independent risk factor for type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, cellular senescence, and neuropsychiatric disorders, supporting our conviction with the available scientific literature on the topic.

Indexed as

Alzheimer’s diseasecancerscardiovascular diseasescellular senescencehyperinsulinemiainsulin resistanceneurodegenerative diseasesrisk factortype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID39061991
PMCPMC11274573

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.