ArticleNature chemical biology2025
Metabolic determinants of germinal center B cell formation and responses.
Article in Nature chemical biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed.
- A guide to B cell metabolism.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Fine-tuning the lysine-arginine duet: a dietary approach to suppress tumor growth.Molecular biomedicine · 2026Article
- Review
- MTHFD2: a promising metabolic checkpoint for diseases.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Metabolic dysregulation reshapes the immune landscape: The gut microbiota-mTOR axis in respiratory viral infection immunity.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2026Review
- ODC1 restricts meningeal B cell age-associated-like phenotype and function in multiple sclerosis: A human and experimental study.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Lamin A/C maintains genome topology and regulates transcriptional programs essential for virus-driven B cell activation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Oleic acid alleviates the pathogenesis of lupus by suppressing the activation of TLR signaling pathways through the STAT3/IL-10 axis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Integrated peripheral immune profiling reveals B-cell dysregulation and CD8 effector signatures in chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The research progress on the role of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in immune regulation.PeerJ · 2026Review
- mTOR signaling networks: mechanistic insights and translational frontiers in disease therapeutics.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- MTHFD2: A Retrospective and a Glance into the Future.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The critical role of methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenases in immune regulation and auto-immunity.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2025Review
- Oxytocin-Mediate Modulation of Splenic Immunosuppression in Chronic Social Stress Through Neuroendocrine Pathways.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- The role of fatty acid metabolism on B cells and B cell-related autoimmune diseases.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- Immunotranscriptomic Profiling ofInsects · 2025Article
- MTHFD2 promotes osteoclastogenesis and bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis by enhancing CKMT1-mediated oxidative phosphorylation.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Decoding cardiac metabolic reprogramming through single-cell multi-omics: from mechanisms to therapeutic applications.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Germinal center (GC) B cells are crucial for the generation of GCs and long-lived humoral immunity. Here we report that one-carbon metabolism determines the formation and responses of GC B cells. Upon CD40 stimulation, GC B cells selectively upregulate methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) expression to generate purines and the antioxidant glutathione. MTHFD2 depletion reduces GC B cell frequency and antigen-specific antibody production. Moreover, supplementation with nucleotides and antioxidants suffices to promote GC B cell formation and function in vitro and in vivo through activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 signaling pathway. Moreover, we found that antigen stimulation enhances YY1 binding to the Mthfd2 promoter and promotes MTHFD2 transcription. Interestingly, these findings can be generalized to the pentose phosphate pathway, which is another major source of reducing power and nucleotides. Therefore, these results suggest that an increased capacity for nucleotide synthesis and redox balance is required for GC B cell formation and responses, revealing a key aspect of GC B cell fate determination.
Indexed as
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.