ArticleEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)2024
Exposure to Ambient Heat and Risk of Spontaneous Abortion: A Case-Crossover Study.
Article in Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Using wearable devices to measure personal heat exposure in a preconception cohort.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- A case-control study identifying critical exposure windows in the association between ambient air pollution and spontaneous abortion.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Temperature and sex ratios at birth.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Impact of climate change on spontaneous abortion: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in global women's health · 2026Review
- Associations of climatic factors with pregnancy loss in Nicosia, Cyprus.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFew epidemiologic studies have examined the association of ambient heat with spontaneous abortion, a common and devastating pregnancy outcome.
methodsWe conducted a case-crossover study nested within Pregnancy Study Online, a preconception cohort study (2013-2022). We included all participants reporting spontaneous abortion (N = 1,524). We defined the case window as the 7 days preceding the event and used time-stratified referent selection to select control windows matched on calendar month and day of week. Within each 7-day case and control window, we measured the mean, maximum, and minimum of daily maximum outdoor air temperatures. We fit splines to examine nonlinear relationships across the entire year and conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of spontaneous abortion with increases in temperature during the warm season (May-September) and decreases during the cool season (November-March).
resultsWe found evidence of a U-shaped association between outdoor air temperature and spontaneous abortion risk based on year-round data. When restricting to warm season events (n = 657), the OR for a 10-percentile increase in the mean of lag 0-6 daily maximum temperatures was 1.1 (95% CI: 0.96, 1.2) and, for the maximum, 1.1 (95% CI: 0.99, 1.2). The OR associated with any extreme heat days (>95th county-specific percentile) in the preceding week was 1.2 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.5). Among cool season events (n = 615), there was no appreciable association between lower temperatures and spontaneous abortion risk.
conclusionOur study provides evidence of an association between high outdoor temperatures and the incidence of spontaneous abortion.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.