Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39058036›Full record

ArticleCancer discovery2024

Preexisting Skin-Resident CD8 and γδ T-cell Circuits Mediate Immune Response in Merkel Cell Carcinoma and Predict Immunotherapy Efficacy.

Zachary Z Reinstein, Yue Zhang, Oscar E Ospina, Matt D Nichols, Victoria A Chu, Alvaro de Mingo Pulido, Karol Prieto, Jonathan V Nguyen, Rui Yin, Carlos Moran Segura and 26 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer discovery, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. γδ T cells and cancer.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026
    Review
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  6. Review
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  13. Review
  14. Spatially organized inflammatory myeloid-CD8bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Multi-omics spatial characteristics of CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

36 authors.

Zachary Z ReinsteinDepartment of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.ORCID 0000-0003-3310-0262
Yue ZhangDepartment of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.ORCID 0000-0002-3148-8833
Oscar E OspinaDepartment of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0001-5986-4207
Matt D NicholsDepartment of Tumor Metastasis and Microenvironment, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0009-0004-5394-4774
Victoria A ChuDepartment of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.ORCID 0009-0005-4001-2377
Alvaro de Mingo PulidoDepartment of Tumor Metastasis and Microenvironment, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0001-9814-1837
Karol PrietoDepartment of Tumor Metastasis and Microenvironment, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0002-4622-0258
Jonathan V NguyenDepartment of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0001-6146-2047
Rui YinUniversity of Maryland Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, Maryland.ORCID 0000-0001-5330-8306
Carlos Moran SeguraDepartment of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0001-8702-0554
Ahmed UsmanDepartment of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.ORCID 0000-0002-1229-8735
Brittney SellDepartment of Tumor Metastasis and Microenvironment, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0002-9341-2009
Spencer NgDepartment of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.ORCID 0000-0002-1251-4514
Janis V de la IglesiaDepartment of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0002-3715-9571
Sunandana ChandraRobert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.ORCID 0000-0001-7936-5069
Jeffrey A SosmanDepartment of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.ORCID 0000-0002-0650-9698
Raymond J ChoDepartment of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.ORCID 0000-0001-6090-6603
Jeffrey B ChengDepartment of Dermatology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.ORCID 0000-0001-9821-4549
Ellie IvanovaDepartment of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.ORCID 0000-0002-1850-9505
Sergei B KoralovDepartment of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.ORCID 0000-0002-4843-3791
Robbert J C SlebosDepartment of Head and Neck Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0003-3117-9544
Christine H ChungDepartment of Head and Neck Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0001-5199-4306
Nikhil I KhushalaniDepartment of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0002-3636-4143
Jane L MessinaDepartment of Pathology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0002-0332-0224
Amod A SarnaikDepartment of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0002-2337-5898
Jonathan S ZagerDepartment of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0002-6886-4468
Vernon K SondakDepartment of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0003-1090-484X
Charles VaskeClear Labs, Santa Cruz, California.ORCID 0000-0001-8151-6612
Sungjune KimDepartment of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0001-7100-1252
Andrew S BrohlDepartment of Cutaneous Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0002-0071-0534
Xinlei MiDepartment of Preventive Medicine-Biostatistics Quantitative Data Sciences Core, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.ORCID 0000-0002-2966-3217
Brian G PierceUniversity of Maryland Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, Maryland.ORCID 0000-0003-4821-0368
Xuefeng WangDepartment of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0001-5775-408X
Brooke L FridleyDepartment of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0001-7739-7956
Kenneth Y Tsai *Department of Tumor Metastasis and Microenvironment, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, Florida.ORCID 0000-0001-5325-212X
Jaehyuk Choi *Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.ORCID 0000-0003-2379-2226

Funding

Tumor Environment and Metastasis (TEAM) Research ProgramP30CA060553 · NCI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI Devalingam Mahalingam · 1993 to 2026
$153.9M
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCHP30CA076292 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI John L. Cleveland · 1998 to 2026
$93.5M
CARCINOGENESIS TRAINING PROGRAMT32CA009560 · NCI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI Kathleen Janee Green · 1986 to 2026
$8.4M
Northwestern University Skin Disease Research Center Resource-based CenterP30AR075049 · NIAMS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI I. Caroline Le Poole · 2019 to 2026
$6.6M
Integrated Program in Cancer and Data Science (ICADS)T32CA233399 · NCI · H. LEE MOFFITT CANCER CTR & RES INST · PI William Douglas Cress, Elsa R Flores · 2019 to 2026
$1.7M
High resolution modeling and design of immune recognitionR35GM144083 · NIGMS · UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK · PI Brian G. Pierce · 2022 to 2026
$1.6M
Identifying the Mechanism of Resistance to Immunotherapy in Merkel Cell Carcinoma (for Zachary Reinstein)F30CA278298 · NCI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI REINSTEIN, ZACHARY ZALE · 2024 to 2025
$89k
Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Medical Society (AOA) 2019 AOA Carolyn E Kuckein FellowshipCSRD VA I01 CX002608Leukemia and Lymphoma Society (LLS) 1377-21National Cancer Institute (NCI) DP2 OD024475-01National Cancer Institute (NCI) P30-CA076292National Cancer Institute (NCI) T32CA233399National Comprehensive Cancer Network NCCN-YIA 2019NCI NIH HHS F30 CA278298NCI NIH HHS P30 CA060553NCI NIH HHS P30 CA076292NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009560NCI NIH HHS T32 CA233399NIAMS NIH HHS P30 AR075049NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM144083V Foundation for Cancer Research (VFCR) T2021-019
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer with a ∼50% response rate to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. To identify predictive biomarkers, we integrated bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) with spatial transcriptomics from a cohort of 186 samples from 116 patients, including bulk RNA-seq from 14 matched pairs pre- and post-ICB. In nonresponders, tumors show evidence of increased tumor proliferation, neuronal stem cell markers, and IL1. Responders have increased type I/II interferons and preexisting tissue resident (Trm) CD8 or Vδ1 γδ T cells that functionally converge with overlapping antigen-specific transcriptional programs and clonal expansion of public T-cell receptors. Spatial transcriptomics demonstrated colocalization of T cells with B and dendritic cells, which supply chemokines and costimulation. Lastly, ICB significantly increased clonal expansion or recruitment of Trm and Vδ1 cells in tumors specifically in responders, underscoring their therapeutic importance. These data identify potential clinically actionable biomarkers and therapeutic targets for MCC. Significance: MCC serves as a model of ICB response. We utilized the largest-to-date, multimodal MCC dataset (n = 116 patients) to uncover unique tumor-intrinsic properties and immune circuits that predict response. We identified CD8 Trm and Vδ1 T cells as clinically actionable mediators of ICB response in major histocompatibility complex-high and -low MCCs, respectively.

Indexed as

Carcinoma, Merkel CellCD8-Positive T-LymphocytesImmunotherapySkin NeoplasmsHumansImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsImmune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID39058036
PMCPMC11954000

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.