ArticlePhysiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy2024
Cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis of conditioned pain modulation and pain in fibromyalgia: CPM as an effect modifier of pain changes over time.
Article in Physiotherapy research international : the journal for researchers and clinicians in physical therapy, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Multidimensional Recovery Trajectories Throughout Breast Cancer Treatment and Survivorship: A Prospective Longitudinal Study.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Multimodal hypersensitivity and somatic symptoms predict adolescent postmenarchal widespread pain.Pain · 2025Article
- Quantitative Sensory Testing in Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Scoping Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Article
- Effect of a Nurse-Led Teaching Program on Sleep Disturbances and Pain Experiences Among Patients With Fibromyalgia.SAGE open nursingArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background and purpose: Fibromyalgia (FM) is associated with altered descending pain modulatory pathways, which can be assessed through Conditioned Pain Modulation (CPM). In this study, we aimed to explore the relationship between CPM and self-reported baseline characteristics in patients with fibromyalgia. We also performed a longitudinal analysis exploring CPM as a potential predictor of clinical improvement over time in individuals with FM. Methods: We performed cross-sectional univariable and multivariable analyses of the relationship between CPM and other variables in 41 FM patients. We then performed longitudinal analyses, building linear mixed effects models with pain in the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) as the dependent variable, and testing for the interaction between time and CPM. We also tested the interaction between CPM and time in models using other outcomes, such as the revised Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQR) and Quality of Life Scale (QOLs). Results: We found no association between CPM and other demographic and clinical variables in the univariable analysis. We found a statistically significant association in the multivariable linear regression model between CPM and the QOLs at baseline, after controlling for age, sex, and duration of symptoms. In the longitudinal analyses, we found that CPM is an effect modifier for clinical improvement over time for the pain VAS, QOLs and FIQR: individuals with low-efficient CPM at baseline have a different (improved) pattern of response over time when compared to those with high-efficient CPM. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that CPM is not a reliable biomarker of clinical manifestations in chronic pain patients during cross-sectional assessments. However, our results are consistent with previous findings that CPM can be used to predict the evolution of clinical pain over time. We expect that our findings will help in the selection of patients with the best profile to respond to specific interventions and assist clinicians in tailoring pain treatments.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.