Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39052725›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2024

Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Influenza A-Associated Emergency Department, Urgent Care, and Hospitalization Encounters Among US Adults, 2022-2023.

Mark W Tenforde, Zachary A Weber, Duck-Hye Yang, Malini B DeSilva, Kristin Dascomb, Stephanie A Irving, Allison L Naleway, Manjusha Gaglani, Bruce Fireman, Ned Lewis and 25 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Analysis of influenza A, influenza B andFrontiers in public health · 2026
    Article
  5. Estimated impact of 2022-2023 influenza vaccines on annual hospital burden in the United States.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Illness and Asymptomatic Infection in 2022-2023: A Prospective Cohort Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

35 authors.

Mark W TenfordeInfluenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.ORCID 0000-0002-8702-8393
Zachary A WeberDepartment of Clinical Resarch, Westat, Rockville, Maryland.
Duck-Hye YangDepartment of Clinical Resarch, Westat, Rockville, Maryland.
Malini B DeSilvaDepartment of Research, HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota.ORCID 0000-0003-3705-1672
Kristin DascombDivision of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Epidemiology, Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Stephanie A IrvingDepartment of Science Programs, Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon.
Allison L NalewayDepartment of Science Programs, Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, Oregon.
Manjusha GaglaniSection of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor Scott & White Health and Baylor College of Medicine, Temple, Texas.ORCID 0000-0002-3952-9230
Bruce FiremanKaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, California.
Ned LewisKaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, California.
Ousseny ZerboKaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, California.ORCID 0000-0002-8380-6215
Kristin GoddardKaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, California.
Julius TimbolKaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, California.
John R HansenKaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, California.ORCID 0000-0001-7891-2673
Nancy GriselDivision of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Epidemiology, Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Julie ArndorferDivision of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Epidemiology, Intermountain Healthcare, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Charlene E McEvoyDepartment of Research, HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Inih J EssienDepartment of Research, HealthPartners Institute, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Suchitra RaoDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.ORCID 0000-0002-0334-6301
Shaun J GrannisCenter for Biomedical Informatics, Regenstrief Institute, Indianapolis, Indiana.ORCID 0000-0002-8093-6639
Anupam B KharbandaDepartment of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Children's Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Karthik NatarajanDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.ORCID 0000-0002-9066-9431
Toan C OngDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
Peter J EmbiDepartment of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.
Sarah W BallDepartment of Clinical Resarch, Westat, Rockville, Maryland.
Margaret M DunneDepartment of Clinical Resarch, Westat, Rockville, Maryland.
Lindsey KirshnerDepartment of Clinical Resarch, Westat, Rockville, Maryland.
Ryan E WiegandCoronavirus and other Respiratory Viruses Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Monica DickersonInfluenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Palak PatelInfluenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.ORCID 0000-0001-9341-8091
Caitlin RayInfluenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Brendan FlanneryInfluenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Shikha GargInfluenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Katherine AdamsInfluenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.ORCID 0000-0002-1818-1730
Nicola P KleinKaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California Division of Research, Oakland, California.

Funding

CDC HHS 75D30120C07986Intramural CDC HHS CC999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe 2022-2023 United States influenza season had unusually early influenza activity with high hospitalization rates. Vaccine-matched A(H3N2) viruses predominated, with lower levels of A(H1N1)pdm09 activity also observed.

methodsUsing the test-negative design, we evaluated influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) during the 2022-2023 season against influenza A-associated emergency department/urgent care (ED/UC) visits and hospitalizations from October 2022 to March 2023 among adults (aged ≥18 years) with acute respiratory illness (ARI). VE was estimated by comparing odds of seasonal influenza vaccination among case-patients (influenza A test positive by molecular assay) and controls (influenza test negative), applying inverse-propensity-to-be-vaccinated weights.

resultsThe analysis included 85 389 ED/UC ARI encounters (17.0% influenza A positive; 37.8% vaccinated overall) and 19 751 hospitalizations (9.5% influenza A positive; 52.8% vaccinated overall). VE against influenza A-associated ED/UC encounters was 44% (95% confidence interval [CI], 40%-47%) overall and 45% and 41% among adults aged 18-64 and ≥65 years, respectively. VE against influenza A-associated hospitalizations was 35% (95% CI, 27%-43%) overall and 23% and 41% among adults aged 18-64 and ≥65 years, respectively.

conclusionsVE was moderate during the 2022-2023 influenza season, a season characterized with increased burden of influenza and co-circulation with other respiratory viruses. Vaccination is likely to substantially reduce morbidity, mortality, and strain on healthcare resources.

Indexed as

Emergency Service, HospitalHospitalizationInfluenza, HumanInfluenza VaccinesVaccine EfficacyAdolescentAdultAgedAmbulatory CareFemaleHumansInfluenza A Virus, H1N1 SubtypeInfluenza A Virus, H3N2 SubtypeMaleMiddle AgedSeasonsInfluenza Vaccinesclinical outcomesH3N2influenzatest-negative designvaccine effectiveness

Identifiers

PMID39052725
PMCPMC11306194

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.