ArticlePloS one2024
Imbalance polarization of M1/M2 macrophages in miscarried uterus.
Article in PloS one, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Therapeutic effect and anti-inflammatory mechanism of modified Shoutai pills against lipopolysaccharide-induced miscarriage in mice.Journal of traditional Chinese medicine = Chung i tsa chih ying wen pan · 2026Article
- The role of TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB pathway-mediated macrophage M1 polarization in recurrent spontaneous abortion associated with antiphospholipid syndrome.Human cell · 2026Article
- Shoutai Wan regulates maternal-fetal immune tolerance in lactate dehydrogenase A knockdown model mice to prevent miscarriage.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Integrative Multi-Omics Analysis Unveils Biomarkers Linking the Gut Microbiota, Blood Metabolites, and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Targeting Decidual Macrophage Polarization through JNK Signaling Pathway Inhibition Alleviates Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Early Spontaneous Abortion.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Article
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6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundLipopolysaccharides (LPS) is well known to manifest a miscarriage-inducing effector during early pregnancy and activate macrophage to induce M1 macrophage polarization. However, the role of macrophage polarization in LPS-related miscarriage-inducing effect is not apparent.
methodsIn this work, gene expression changes and the percentage of M1/M2 macrophages and monocytes in LPS-induced miscarried uterus were firstly analyzed by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and Flow Cytometry. To explore the origin that contributes to M1/M2 macrophage differentiation, the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1), CCL3, and CCL4, chemokines related to monocyte/macrophage migration, was tested by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR).
resultsWe found that percentage of M1 macrophages rose, while the percentage of M2 macrophages declined down in the injected mice uterus. Meanwhile, the percentage of M1 and M2 macrophages showed no significant difference in the spleens of LPS injected mice compared to PBS injected control mice. Expression of Mcp-1, Ccl3, and Ccl4 and numbers of monocytes were remarkably up-regulated in LPS-induced miscarried mice uterus.
conclusionThese results indicated that polarization and proportion changes of macrophage in the uterus may contribute to miscarriage. Our work provides new evidence correlating the aberrant regulation of M1/M2 macrophage polarization with deleterious miscarriage-inducing effects. This will help us understand the roles of critical immune cell differentiation in maintaining normal pregnancy.
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