Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39048849›Full record

ArticleCanadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique2024

Prevalence and population attributable fractions of potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia in Canada: A cross-sectional analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Yasaman Dolatshahi, Alexandra Mayhew, Megan E O'Connell, Teresa Liu-Ambrose, Vanessa Taler, Eric E Smith, David B Hogan, Susan Kirkland, Andrew P Costa, Christina Wolfson and 3 more

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PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Yasaman DolatshahiDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Alexandra MayhewDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Megan E O'ConnellDepartment of Psychology & Health Studies, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
Teresa Liu-AmbroseDepartment of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
Vanessa TalerSchool of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Eric E SmithDepartment of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
David B HoganDivision of Geriatric Medicine and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Susan KirklandDepartment of Community Health & Epidemiology and Division of Geriatric Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.
Andrew P CostaDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Christina WolfsonDepartment of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, School of Population and Global Health & Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Parminder RainaDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Lauren GriffithDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
Aaron JonesDepartment of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. jonesa13@mcmaster.ca.ORCID 0000-0002-6282-3614

Funding

CIHR
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesWe investigated the prevalence and population attributable fraction (PAF) of 12 potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia in middle-aged and older Canadians.

methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of 30,097 adults aged 45 to 85 with baseline data from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging (2011‒2015). Risk factors and associated relative risks were taken from a highly cited systematic review. We calculated the prevalence of each risk factor using sampling weights. Individual PAFs were calculated both crudely and weighted for communality, and combined PAFs were calculated using both multiplicative and additive assumptions. Analyses were stratified by household income and repeated at CLSA's first follow-up (2015‒2018).

resultsThe most prevalent risk factors were physical inactivity (63.8%; 95% CI, 62.8-64.9), hypertension (32.8%; 31.7-33.8), and obesity (30.8%; 29.7-31.8). The highest crude PAFs were physical inactivity (19.9%), traumatic brain injury (16.7%), and hypertension (16.6%). The highest weighted PAFs were physical inactivity (11.6%), depression (7.7%), and hypertension (6.0%). We estimated that the 12 risk factors combined accounted for 43.4% (37.3‒49.0) of dementia cases assuming weighted multiplicative interactions and 60.9% (55.7‒65.5) assuming additive interactions. There was a clear gradient of increasing prevalence and PAF with decreasing income for 9 of the 12 risk factors.

conclusionThe findings of this study can inform individual- and population-level dementia prevention strategies in Canada. Differences in the impact of individual risk factors between this study and other international and regional studies highlight the importance of tailoring national dementia strategies to the local distribution of risk factors.

Indexed as

DementiaAgedAged, 80 and overCanadaCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansHypertensionLongitudinal StudiesMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsSedentary BehaviorDementiaPopulation healthRisk factorsSocial determinants of health

Identifiers

PMID39048849
PMCPMC11644133

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.