ArticleJMIR serious games2024
Immersive Virtual Reality Use in Medical Intensive Care: Mixed Methods Feasibility Study.
Article in JMIR serious games, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Virtual Reality Intervention for Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS): A Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial for Cognitive, Physical and Psychological Outcomes
Virtual Reality to Reduce Anxiety, Agitation and Delirium in Critically Ill Patients
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The effects of virtual reality on pain relief in ICU patients: meta-analysis and systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Immersive Virtual Reality for Patient Education in Orthodontics: Cross-Sectional Feasibility and Acceptability Study.JMIR serious games · 2026Article
- Addressing challenges for virtual reality applications in the ICU.Journal of anesthesia, analgesia and critical care · 2026Article
- Exploring virtual reality for stress and anxiety management in intensive care settings: perspectives from intensive care professionals.Internal medicine journal · 2026Article
- Feasibility, effectiveness and patient experience of virtual reality technology in intensive care units patients: A mixed-methods systematic review.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2026Review
- Mapping the Evidence on Virtual Reality for Post-Intensive Care Syndrome: A Systematic Review and a Five-Axis VR-PICS Taxonomy.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- A virtual reality-based multicomponent intervention program for preventing postoperative delirium in the intensive care unit for cardiac surgery patients: from evidence-based design to a pilot trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Patients' experiences with using virtual reality for comfort during source isolation: a qualitative feasibility study.Patient related outcome measures · 2026Article
- Patients' willingness and needs for ICU virtual reality visits before elective surgery: a qualitative study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Virtual reality for relaxation in intensive care unit patients: feasibility, acceptability and intervention adaptation.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2025Article
- Virtual reality for delirium prevention in mechanically ventilated ICU patients: a narrative review.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Telemedicine-Supported Exercise Interventions in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Scoping Review.International journal of general medicine · 2025Review
- Home Automated Telemanagement System for Individualized Exercise Programs: Design and Usability Evaluation.JMIR biomedical engineering · 2024Article
- Exercise Interventions in the Management of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome: A Scoping Review.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImmersive virtual reality (VR) is a promising therapy to improve the experience of patients with critical illness and may help avoid postdischarge functional impairments. However, the determinants of interest and usability may vary locally and reports of uptake in the literature are variable.
objectiveThe aim of this mixed methods feasibility study was to assess the acceptability and potential utility of immersive VR in critically ill patients at a single institution.
methodsAdults without delirium who were admitted to 1 of 2 intensive care units were offered the opportunity to participate in 5-15 minutes of immersive VR delivered by a VR headset. Patient vital signs, heart rate variability, mood, and pain were assessed before and after the VR experience. Pre-post comparisons were performed using paired 2-sided t tests. A semistructured interview was administered after the VR experience. Patient descriptions of the experience, issues, and potential uses were summarized with thematic analysis.
resultsOf the 35 patients offered the chance to participate, 20 (57%) agreed to partake in the immersive VR experience, with no difference in participation rate by age. Improvements were observed in overall mood (mean difference 1.8 points, 95% CI 0.6-3.0; P=.002), anxiety (difference of 1.7 points, 95% CI 0.8-2.7; P=.001), and pain (difference of 1.3 points, 95% CI 0.5-2.1; P=.003) assessed on 1-10 scales. The heart rate changed by a mean of -1.1 (95% CI -0.3 to -1.9; P=.008) beats per minute (bpm) from a baseline of 86.1 (SD 11.8) bpm and heart rate variability, assessed by the stress index (SI), changed by a mean of -5.0 (95% CI -1.5 to -8.5; P=.004) seconds
conclusionsPatient acceptance of immersive VR was high in a mostly medical intensive care population with little prior VR experience. Patients commented on the potential of immersive VR to ameliorate cognitive and emotional symptoms. Investigators can consider integrating minimally modified commercial VR headsets into the existing intensive care unit workflow to further assess VR's efficacy for a variety of endpoints.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.