Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39046535›Full record

ArticleEuropean radiology experimental2024

The Picasso's skepticism on computer science and the dawn of generative AI: questions after the answers to keep "machines-in-the-loop".

Filippo Pesapane, Renato Cuocolo, Francesco Sardanelli

Abstract readEditorial
In one paragraph

Article in European radiology experimental, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  15. AI for image quality and patient safety in CT and MRI.European radiology experimental · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Filippo PesapaneBreast Imaging Division, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy. filippo.pesapane@ieo.it.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0374-5054
Renato CuocoloDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via Salvador Allende 43, Baronissi, 84081, Salerno, Italy.
Francesco SardanelliUnit of Radiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, San Donato Milanese, 20097, Milan, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Starting from Picasso's quote ("Computers are useless. They can only give you answers"), we discuss the introduction of generative artificial intelligence (AI), including generative adversarial networks (GANs) and transformer-based architectures such as large language models (LLMs) in radiology, where their potential in reporting, image synthesis, and analysis is notable. However, the need for improvements, evaluations, and regulations prior to clinical use is also clear. Integration of LLMs into clinical workflow needs cautiousness, to avoid or at least mitigate risks associated with false diagnostic suggestions. We highlight challenges in synthetic image generation, inherent biases in AI models, and privacy concerns, stressing the importance of diverse training datasets and robust data privacy measures. We examine the regulatory landscape, including the 2023 Executive Order on AI in the United States and the 2024 AI Act in the European Union, which set standards for AI applications in healthcare. This manuscript contributes to the field by emphasizing the necessity of maintaining the human element in medical procedures while leveraging generative AI, advocating for a "machines-in-the-loop" approach.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceHumansRadiology

Identifiers

PMID39046535
PMCPMC11269548

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.