ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2024
Proposal for a Global Classification and Nomenclature System for A/H9 Influenza Viruses.
Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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27 citing papers in PubMed.
- Avian influenza overview June-August 2026.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026Article
- Article
- Development of multiplex real-time RT‒PCR assays for the simultaneous detection and lineage differentiation of H9 avian influenza viruses.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Genetic and Pathogenicity Studies of Avian Influenza (H9N2) Virus Isolated from Chickens in Jiangsu Province, China, in 2025.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Development and evaluation of a recombinant bivalent HVT-vectored vaccine candidate against H9N2 avian influenza virus and fowl adenovirus serotype 4.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Avian influenza overview March-May 2026.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026Article
- Outbreak of H9N2 avian influenza viruses in lesser rhea in Peru, June-July 2025.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Imported case of avian influenza A(H9N2) virus infection in a patient with miliary tuberculosis, Italy, March 2026.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026Article
- Avian influenza overview December 2025-February 2026.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2026Article
- Integrated approaches to explore temporal-spatial changes in gene reassortment of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5) virus in Eurasia, 2000-2023.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Case Report: Detection and characterization of avian influenza virus H9N2 in a broiler farm in Mozambique, 2025.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- A cross-sectional study of avian influenza virus in poultry markets of Guangdong China, 2025.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Epidemiology, evolution, and biological characteristics of H3 avian influenza viruses isolated from chickens in China.One health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2025Article
- Avian influenza overview September-November 2025.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2025Article
- Avian influenza overview June-September 2025.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2025Article
- Avian Influenza Surveillance Among Migratory Birds, Poultry, and Humans Around Nansi Lake, China, 2021-2024.Viruses · 2025Article
- Detection and characterization of avian influenza H9N2 in a broiler farm in mauritania; 2024.Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Novel (d)PCR assays for influenza A(H5Nx) viruses clade 2.3.4.4b surveillance.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Avian influenza overview March-June 2025.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2025Article
- Genetic diversity of H9N2 avian influenza viruses in poultry across China and implications for zoonotic transmission.Nature microbiology · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Influenza A/H9 viruses circulate worldwide in wild and domestic avian species, continuing to evolve and posing a zoonotic risk. A substantial increase in human infections with A/H9N2 subtype avian influenza viruses (AIVs) and the emergence of novel reassortants carrying A/H9N2-origin internal genes has occurred in recent years. Different names have been used to describe the circulating and emerging A/H9 lineages. To address this issue, an international group of experts from animal and public health laboratories, endorsed by the WOAH/FAO Network of Expertise on Animal Influenza, has created a practical lineage classification and nomenclature system based on the analysis of 10,638 hemagglutinin sequences from A/H9 AIVs sampled worldwide. This system incorporates phylogenetic relationships and epidemiologic characteristics designed to trace emerging and circulating lineages and clades. To aid in lineage and clade assignment, an online tool has been created. This proposed classification enables rapid comprehension of the global spread and evolution of A/H9 AIVs.
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