Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39042288›Full record

Trial reportClinical oral investigations2024

The decomposition rate and bleaching efficacy of in-office bleaching gels with different pHs: a randomized controlled trial.

Fernanda Novak Gumy, Karine Letícia da Silva, Marcela Novak Gumy, Heloisa Forville, Deisy Cristina Ferreira Cordeiro, Michael Willian Favoreto, Alessandro D Loguercio, Alessandra Reis

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Clinical oral investigations, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. One-Year Color Stability of a Reduced 37.5% Hydrogen Peroxide In-Office Bleaching Protocol: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2026
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  2. Influence of Different Protocols on In-Office Bleaching: Whiteness Difference and Hydrogen Peroxide Penetration.Journal of esthetic and restorative dentistry : official publication of the American Academy of Esthetic Dentistry ... [et al.] · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Fernanda Novak GumyDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.
Karine Letícia da SilvaDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.
Marcela Novak GumyDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.
Heloisa ForvilleDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.
Deisy Cristina Ferreira CordeiroDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.
Michael Willian FavoretoDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.
Alessandro D LoguercioDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, Brazil. aloguercio@hotmail.com.
Alessandra ReisDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Ponta Grossa, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, Brazil.

Funding

Conselho Nacional das Fundações Estaduais de Amparo à Pesquisa 304817/2021-0Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico 308286/2019-7Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundTo evaluate the decomposition rate of active hydrogen peroxide (HP) and bleaching efficacy during in-office bleaching using high-concentration HP gels with different pHs.

methodA randomized, parallel, double-blind controlled trial was conducted with 40 volunteers randomized into four groups (pH 5.4; pH 7.0; pH 7.7, and pH 8.0). During the first session in-office bleaching, approximately 0.01 g of the gel was collected and titrated with potassium permanganate to obtain the concentration of active HP and pH values were measured using an electrode. Bleaching efficacy was assessed using a spectrophotometer [∆E

resultsAll gels experienced decreasing HP concentration over time. pH 5.4 gel showed greatest reduction after 50 min (p < 0.001). pH 8.0 and 7.7 gels remained stable; pH 5.4 remained acidic, while pH 7.0 turned acidic (p < 0.001). No significant difference in bleaching degree was observed among gels. They all showed a similar and clinically important color change after two clinical sessions, remained stable 1-month post-treatment (p > 0.05).

conclusionsAll bleaching gels kept at least 70% of their HP content after 50 min, suggesting that there is a surplus of HP. They provided similar whitening efficacy 1-month after bleaching. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: It is possible that lower HP concentrations may be equally effective in achieving desired results while reducing the potential for side effects. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRY NAME: RBR-35q7s3v.

Indexed as

GelsHydrogen PeroxideTooth BleachingTooth Bleaching AgentsAdultDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationMaleSpectrophotometryTreatment OutcomeGelsHydrogen PeroxideTooth Bleaching AgentsClinical trialHydrogen peroxideTooth bleachingTooth bleaching agents

Identifiers

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.