Evidence map›Paper›PMID 39042152›Full record

SynthesisInternational urogynecology journal2024

The Effect of Virtual Reality Application on Pain and Anxiety During Episiotomy Repair: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Saeed Baradwan, Bandr Hafedh, Mohammad Alyafi, Fahad Algreisi, Afnan Baradwan, Deama Saeed Alghamdi, Emad Mohamed Ibrahim Atalla, Yousef Mohamed El-Mazzally, Hany Said Ismail, Khaled Elsheshtawy Shrief and 2 more

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in International urogynecology journal, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Saeed BaradwanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Bandr HafedhDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammad AlyafiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Fahad AlgreisiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jeddah University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Afnan BaradwanDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Al Salama Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Deama Saeed AlghamdiDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Emad Mohamed Ibrahim AtallaDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Yousef Mohamed El-MazzallyDepartment of Community Medicine and Industrial Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Hany Said IsmailDepartment of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Khaled Elsheshtawy ShriefDepartment of Anesthesia and Intensive Care and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Ahmed Mohamed AbdelhakimKasr Al-Ainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 395 Portsaid Street, Bab El-Kalq, Cairo, 11638, Egypt. ahmed.m.rohei@students.kasralainy.edu.eg.ORCID 0000-0001-9579-8366
Mostafa Mohamed KhodryDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introduction and hypothesisThere is a rising trend among women towards nonpharmacological approaches owing to their minimally invasive nature and limited adverse effects. Virtual reality (VR) has recently gained popularity as a new technology for reducing pain and anxiety in medical settings. Our research sought to investigate the impact of VR on pain and anxiety levels while undergoing episiotomy repair.

methodsA comprehensive search was carried out across PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and ISI Web of Science to find relevant randomized clinical trials (RCTs) up to January 2024. These trials investigated the use of VR as a treatment during episiotomy repair compared with a control group that did not receive VR intervention. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager software to analyze the data collected. Our primary outcomes were pain scores reported during and after episiotomy repair measured by a visual analog scale. Secondary outcomes analyzed included anxiety scores during and after the procedure, as well as the duration of episiotomy repair.

resultsSeven RCTs, involving 578 patients, met the inclusion criteria. VR resulted in a significant reduction in pain scores both during and after episiotomy repair (p < 0.001). Additionally, anxiety levels during and after the procedure were significantly reduced in the VR group compared with the control group. Moreover, the duration of episiotomy repair was significantly shorter in the VR group.

conclusionUsing VR has proven to be an effective technique in reducing pain and anxiety during and after episiotomy repair, as well as potentially speeding up the procedure.

Indexed as

AnxietyEpisiotomyPain ManagementPostoperative PainRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicVirtual Reality Exposure TherapyFemaleHumansPain MeasurementPregnancyAnxietyEpisiotomy repairPainVirtual realityVR

Identifiers

PMID39042152

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.